Page - 563 - in Book of Full Papers - Symposium Hydro Engineering

This means when we dig wells and bore holes to get water from underground, it needs to be checked for ground water pollution. 5. Microbiological In many communities in the world, people drink untreated water (straight from a river or stream). Sometimes there is natural pollution caused by microorganisms like viruses, bacteria and protozoa. This natural pollution can cause fishes and other water life to die. They can also cause serious illness to humans who drink from such waters. 6. Suspended Matter Some pollutants (substances, particles and chemicals) do not easily dissolve in water. This kind of material is called particulate matter. Some suspended pollutants later settle under the water body. This can harm and even kill aquatic organisms that live at the bottom of water bodies. 7. Chemical Water Pollution Many industries and farmers work with chemicals that end up in water. This is common with Point-source Pollution. These include chemicals that are used to control weeds, insects and pests. Metals and solvents from industries can pollute water bodies. These are poisonous to many forms of aquatic life and may slow their development, make them infertile and kill them. 8. Oil Spillage Oil spills usually have only a localized effect on wildlife but can spread for miles. The oil can cause the death to many fish and get stuck to the feathers of seabirds causing them to lose their ability to fly. There are some dam reservoirs that cross oil pipelines and in if the pipeline is broken for any reasons, huge environmental pollution of reservoir water will take place. 3.3. PROPOSE REMEDIATION ACTION In the previous section, sources of pollution caused by construction and operation of dams are identified and categorized. In this section, a specific remediation action related to each source is proposed, as shown in Table 1. The proposed action should be taken in a right timing by a right team in a right place and should not have the consequences that cause other types of pollution. For example, for dealing with the suspended or particulate matters in the water reservoir, a remediation action may take place to resolve the suspended matter. Such action should not produce the nutrient pollution (First row in Table 1) that needs extra effort to manage. Based on this consideration, there needs an integrated remediation action, as displayed at the end of Figure 1, to make sure that the overall remediation process is effective. 563