Page - 91 - in Our Car as Power Plant

91 Although these are massive challenges, we believe it can be done. It does not require fundamentally new technolo- gy innovations or breakthroughs, but rather very good prod- uct-, system-, software- and hardware development and -engine ering. OUR CAR AS POWER PLANT TECHNOLOGICAL CHALLENGES CHALLENGE FUEL CELL CAR CAR AS POWER PLANT Fuel cell life time/cost Design goals of 5,000 hour and 225,000 km, almost reached Design goal cost $30/kW Design goal 25,000 hours / 5 years. Design goal cost could be higher than $30/kW Fuel cell efficiency Effi ciency 60% for electricity production Combined energy effi ciency of electricity and heat 90%, with low-pressure feeding of fuel cells Fuel cell heat balance and extraction Fuel cell cooling and aerody- namics are main design criteria Heat (and cold) at temperature levels for use in buildings. Flexible in producing electricity, heat and water Fresh water production None Extraction and use of exhaust water and steam for fresh water production Hydrogen production and storage Effi ciency, purity and cost of feeding material (power, gas, biomass); micro installations for home-use Medium-sized, reliable, safe installations with high conversion effi ciencies and high-quality hydrogen needed System integration and control Hydrogen fuelling stations available in urban areas and in highway system - mainly conversion and safety issues Control- and energy management systems on all levels with combined power, heat and/or water demand and supply Car-park power plant development None Automated parking with safe integrated hydrogen production, -storage and -fuelling . Multiple connections and robotics for hydrogen, heat, water, electricity Energy Infrastructure No need for hydrogen infrastructure, only conversion technologies to hydrogen No need for hydrogen infrastructure. Optimizing gas, electricity and water infrastructure