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Control Theory Tutorial - Basic Concepts Illustrated by Software Examples
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Contents 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1 Control Systems andDesign . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Part I Basic Principles 2 Control TheoryDynamics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.1 Transfer Functions and State Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2.2 Nonlinearity andOther Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.3 Exponential Decay andOscillations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.4 Frequency, Gain, and Phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 2.5 Bode Plots of Gain and Phase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 3 Basic Control Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 3.1 Open-LoopControl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 3.2 Feedback Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 3.3 Proportional, Integral, andDerivative Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 3.4 Sensitivities andDesign Tradeoffs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 4 PIDDesignExample . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 4.1 Output Response to Step Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 4.2 Error Response toNoise andDisturbance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 4.3 Output Response to Fluctuating Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 4.4 Insights fromBodeGain and Phase Plots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 4.5 Sensitivities in BodeGain Plots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 5 Performance andRobustnessMeasures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 5.1 Performance andCost:J . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 5.2 PerformanceMetrics: Energy andH2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 5.3 Technical Aspects of Energy andH2 Norms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 5.4 Robustness and Stability:H1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 ix
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Control Theory Tutorial Basic Concepts Illustrated by Software Examples
Title
Control Theory Tutorial
Subtitle
Basic Concepts Illustrated by Software Examples
Author
Steven A. Frank
Publisher
Springer Open
Location
Irvine
Date
2018
Language
English
License
CC BY 4.0
ISBN
978-3-319-91706-1
Size
15.5 x 23.5 cm
Pages
114
Keywords
Control Theory --- Engineering Design Tradeoffs, Robust Control, Feedback Control Systems, Wolfram
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Informatik
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