Page - 101 - in Digital Entrepreneurship - Impact on Business and Society

In otherwords, a blockchain is a digital accounting system inwhich several actors —first and foremost transmitters, receivers and operators (of the nodes) of the decentralised network—are involved (Burgwinkel 2016; Drescher 2017). In the following, this chapter aims to highlight the contribution of blockchain technology in creating trust in digital service and consulting offerings throughdata security. 2 UnderlyingConcepts:DataSecurityandDataProtection inOnline Consulting andBlockchain Technology Online consulting, as a specific form of digital services, can be described as an exchange of information between at least two parties via digital channels based on natural and/or artificial intelligence. On the level of content, the counterpart takes care of a (e.g. physical) problem of one or more clients individually in order to improve the (e.g. health) state. Suchaconsultative institutioncanbeahumanbeing on the one hand, and a digital counterpart, such as an artificial intelligence in the form of an algorithm (e.g. a bot), on the other. 2.1 Data Security andData Protection The handling of data in communication and storage, especially against the back- ground of individual problems, is highly relevant. Discretion can, for example, be ensured by a self-imposed duty of confidentiality, the existence of which and the mandatory compliance with which should be publicly communicated. Ultimately, this is a way of establishing anonymity towards third parties. It appears useful if those seekinghelp always have the same contact person, although complete digital documentation in the formofacustomer administration—for example, bymeansof a personalised e-filing system (also known as EHR systems, electronic health records; Ströher and Honekamp 2011; Karg 2013)—provides the possibility that colleagues can also offer their help in an emergency. Furthermore, several consul- tations are often necessary to solve a problem and a future request for help can be basedon the solutionhistoryof the respective client.Availability canbe controlled via cloudapplications and theallocationof appropriate access rights to thepersonal e-file. While this dimension focuses on the management of an organisation, the protectionagainstmanipulation,disclosureandlossofrelevantdatamainlyconcerns theunderlyingITinfrastructure.Privacy isanessentialumbrella forbothaspects:on the one hand regarding the consultant/intermediary–client relationship, and on the other hand of course regarding to data security and data protection (Grimm and Bräunlich 2015).While data security should protect data, privacy protects people. Data security concerns theprotectionof data against abuse, falsification and loss or non-availability. Data protection concerns the use of personal data by authorised persons. Data protection is primarily of interest from the perspective of the data Blockchain as an Approach for Secure Data… 105