Page - 323 - in Emerging Technologies for Electric and Hybrid Vehicles

Energies 2016,9, 10 transferpowerare thesame. Thenaq-Zsource-basedpowerregulationmethodisproposedtoadjust the charging current online. At last, a 3kWprototypewith~95%efficiencyover a 20 cm transfer distance is implemented to validate our research results. Different shoot-through timedurations determinedifferentchargingcurrentsdespite thesameinputvoltage.Whenthe inputvoltage is set to be200V,a1μsshoot-throughtimecanboost thechargingcurrent from5.26Ato8.26A,anda1.5μs shoot-throughtimecanboost thechargingcurrent from5.26Ato10.2A.Wehopetheworkpresented in thispaper isbeneficial to thedevelopmentofwirelesspower transfersystems. Acknowledgments: Acknowledgments:Thiswork isfinancially supportedby theMajorStateBasicResearch Development ProgramofChina (973Program,GrantNo. 2011CB711202) and theNationalNatural Science FoundationofChina(NSFC,GrantNo. 51576142). AuthorContributions: AuthorContributions: ZhenshiWangdesigned the systemandanalyzed the results, XuezheWeiandHaifengDaiprovidedguidanceandkeysuggestions. Conflictsof Interest:Conflictsof Interest:Theauthorsdeclarenoconflictof interest. References 1. Brown,W.C.Thehistoryofpower transmissionbyradiowaves. IEEETrans.MicrowaveTheoryTech. 1984,32, 1230–1242. [CrossRef] 2. Tucker,C.A.;Warwick,K.;Holderbaum,W.Acontribution to thewireless transmissionofpower. Int. J. Electr. PowerEnergySyst. 2013,47, 235–242. [CrossRef] 3. Brown,W.C.Statusof themicrowavepowertransmissioncomponents for thesolarpowersatellite (SPS). IEEEMTT-SInt.MicrowaveSymp.Dig. 1981,81, 270–272. 4. Glaser,P.E.Power fromtheSun: Its future.Science1968,162, 857–861. [CrossRef] [PubMed] 5. Covic,G.A.;Boys, J.T.Moderntrends in inductivepower transfer for transportationapplications. IEEEJ. Emerg. Sel. Top. PowerElectr. 2013,1, 28–41. [CrossRef] 6. Wei,X.Z.;Wang,Z.S.;Dai,H.F.Acritical reviewofwirelesspower transferviastronglycoupledmagnetic resonances.Energies2014,7, 4316–4341. [CrossRef] 7. Kurs,A.; Karalis,A.;Moffatt, R.; Joannopoulos, J.D.; Fisher, P.; Soljacic,M.Wireless power transfer via stronglycoupledmagnetic resonances.Science2007,317, 83–86. [CrossRef] [PubMed] 8. Sample,A.P.;Meyer,D.A.;Smith, J.R.Analysis, experimental results, andrangeadaptationofmagnetically coupledresonators forwirelesspower transfer. IEEETrans. Ind. Electron. 2011,58, 544–554. [CrossRef] 9. Li,X.H.;Zhang,H.R.;Peng,F.;Li,Y.;Yang,T.Y.;Wang,B.;Fang,D.Awirelessmagnetic resonanceenergy transfersystemformicro implantablemedical sensors.Sensors2012,12, 10292–10308. [CrossRef] [PubMed] 10. Puccetti, G.; Stevens, C.J.; Reggiani, U.; Sandrolini, L. Experimental and numerical investigation of termination impedance effects inwirelesspower transfer viametamaterial. Energies 2015, 8, 1882–1895. [CrossRef] 11. Sun,L.;Tang,H.;Zhang,Y.Determiningthefrequencyfor load-independentoutputcurrent in three-coil wirelesspower transfersystem.Energies2015,8, 9719–9730. [CrossRef] 12. Sanghoon,C.; Yong-Hae,K.; Kang, S.-Y.;Myung-Lae, L.; Jong-Moo, L.; Zyung, T.Circuit-model-based analysisofawirelessenergy-transfer systemviacoupledmagnetic resonances. IEEETrans. Ind. Electron. 2011,58, 2906–2914. 13. Kiani,M.;Uei-Ming,J.;Ghovanloo,M.Designandoptimizationofa3-coil inductivelinkforefficientwireless power transmission. IEEETrans. Biomed.CircuitsSyst. 2011,5, 579–591. [CrossRef] [PubMed] 14. Dukju,A.; Songcheol,H.Astudyonmagneticfield repeater inwirelesspower transfer. IEEETrans. Ind. Electron. 2013,60, 360–371. 15. Musavi,F.;Eberle,W.Overviewofwirelesspower transfer technologies forelectricvehiclebatterycharging. IETPowerElectron. 2014,7, 60–66. [CrossRef] 16. DelToro,T.G.X.;Vázquez, J.;Roncero-Sanchez,P.Design, implementation issuesandperformanceofan inductivepower transfer systemforelectricvehicle chargerswithseries-seriescompensation. IETPower Electron. 2015,8, 1920–1930. 17. Siqi, L.;Mi,C.C.Wirelesspower transfer for electricvehicle applications. IEEE J.Emerg. Sel. Top. Power Electron. 2015,3, 4–17. [CrossRef] 323