Page - 53 - in Applied Interdisciplinary Theory in Health Informatics - Knowledge Base for Practitioners

● Evaluate designs against requirements. In accordance with the UCD ISO process, evaluation of the iterative interface design is evaluated against the requirements. This iterative design is a way of getting end users involved in the process. This includes active user involvement in evaluation and design throughout the entire development process, and the evaluation of use in the context of real user goals and environments [8]. The system is continuously evaluated, using the results to inform the requirements of system redesign where necessary. A range of methods including empirical user testing, heuristic evaluation and cognitive walkthroughs are applied. Gaining end-user feedback is an integral part of this stage [19]. The design addresses the whole user experience, not solely focusing on usability but also promoting a positive user experience during the interaction. User experience can be evaluated through the use of interviews and/or questionnaire which probe end user experiences after using a system [18]. The design and development team includes multidisciplinary skills and perspectives. This can be a combination of various perspectives that can include the stakeholders, potential end users, experts, non-technical. Several techniques used within UCD are shown in Table 1 below [14-16]. Table 1. Overview of the User Centered Design framework. UCD techniques Stages in User Centered Design cycle Context of use Requirements Design Evaluation Diary Study (medical research) ✓ Activity theory ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ User Personas ✓ User scenarios ✓ Focus groups ✓ Interviews ✓ ✓ ✓ Participatory design ✓ ✓ ✓ Paper prototyping ✓ ✓ Empirical evaluation ✓ Cognitive walkthrough ✓ Think-aloud protocol ✓ Heuristic evaluation ✓ Surveys ✓ ✓ ✓ Field studies ✓ ✓ A.GoodandO.Omisade /LinkingActivityTheorywithUserCentredDesign 53