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18 R.Mechler et al.
inaction.To this end, theypresent tools andapproachesdeveloped in thecontextof
CCAandDRR,which, as theauthors show,arealsoof relevance forL&D.
Understandingallcomponentsof impactsandrisks iscrucial forconsideringfur-
therpolicyactions.WouterBotzen,LaurensBouwer,PaoloScussolini,OnnoKuik,
MarjolijnHaasnoot, JudyLawrence and JeroenAerts present approaches for Inte-
gratedDisasterRiskManagementandAdaptationaimedat informingL&Dpol-
icymakers. Insights provided refer tohowriskmanagement andadaptationoptions
interact with options discussed in the L&Ddebate (such as insurance), aswell as
howL&D-related activities may support risk reduction and adaptation in vulner-
able communities and countries. The authors particularly focus on outlining how
riskmanagementcanhelppeopleandsocieties toadapt to the increasing impactsof
weather-relateddisasters in relation toanthropogenic climate change.Theperspec-
tive established is one of holistic riskmanagement comprising state-of-the-art risk
assessmentmethods,socio-economicevaluationsofriskmanagementandadaptation
options—includinghousehold-scaleriskreductionstrategiesandinsuranceschemes
for residual risk. The method of adaptation pathways is presented as an innova-
tive contribution for copingwith uncertainty in the timing and intensity of climate
change impacts. Case studies on Jakarta,HoChiMinhCity,Mexico,Bangladesh,
Netherlands,NewZealandandGermanyillustrateeachofthesetopicswithconcrete
insight.
LauraSchäfer,KokoWarner andSönkeKreft’s contribution onExploring and
Managing Adaptation Frontiers with Climate Risk Insurance followsa similar
veinastheadaptationpathwayspropositiondiscussedabove.Theauthorssuggestthat
climateinsurance,akeyfocusofpolicydiscussionandimplementation,mayserveas
anentrypointandtoolforexploringadaptationfrontiers,whicharecloselylinkedto
theconceptoflimitsanddefinedintheliteratureasa“transitionalspacebetweensafe
andunsafedomains” (Prestonet al. 2014). Introducingclimate risk insurance (also
covered in the chapter byLinnerooth-Bayer et al. 2018), the authors propose three
routes throughwhichaninsurancefocusmaycontribute tothisexploration.Thefirst
routeprovidesanaction-focussedframeworkforsignallingthemagnitude, location,
andexposure toclimate-related risks, aswell asonanyactual andpotential adapta-
tion limits.Thesecondroutesupportsactors inmovingawayfromadaptation limits
by improving ex-ante decisionmaking, incentivising risk reduction and reducing
uncertaintyaroundclimate-resilientdevelopment,while the third routehelpsactors
tostaywithinthetolerableriskspacebyfacilitatingfinancialbufferingaspartofrisk
financing approaches. The authors also highlight that insurance-based approaches
are not a silver bullet, and suggest that these are effectively embedded in a com-
prehensiveclimateriskmanagementframeworkintegratingotherrisk-reductionand
management strategies (for a similar point, see the chapter byWallimann-Helmer
et al. 2018).
Unsurprisingly, climatefinancehasbeenahot topic for theL&Ddebateandhas
been receiving a lot of emphasis in current policy dialogue (in 2018 it is the focus
of the so-calledSuvaDialogueunder theUNFCCC informingpotential actions on
finance leading up to theWIM review in 2019). The evidence base is, however,
almost non-existent and there are very few empirical andmodel-based estimates
Loss and Damage from Climate Change
Concepts, Methods and Policy Options
- Title
- Loss and Damage from Climate Change
- Subtitle
- Concepts, Methods and Policy Options
- Authors
- Reinhard Mechler
- Laurens M. Bouwer
- Thomas Schinko
- Swenja Surminski
- JoAnne Linnerooth-Bayer
- Publisher
- Springer Open
- Date
- 2019
- Language
- English
- License
- CC BY 4.0
- ISBN
- 978-3-319-72026-5
- Size
- 16.0 x 24.0 cm
- Pages
- 580
- Keywords
- Environment, Climate change, Environmental law, Environmental policy, Risk management
- Categories
- International
- Naturwissenschaften Umwelt und Klima