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30 R.Mechler et al.
riskmanagement approach accompanied by other risk reduction andmanagement
strategies in international cooperationprogramsandprojects (Schäfer et al. 2018).
Proposition 5 Policy deliberations have exhibited characteristics of a win-lose
negotiation “game.” Amore inclusive narrative highlighting collective ambition,
mutualbenefitsand the roleof transformationcanpointaway forward.
TheL&Ddiscourse has exhibited strong ethical and legal undertones appealing
to standards shared or agreed beyond the UNFCCC context, such as demanding
redistribution for harmvia international customary law.While it is useful to prove
the need for action on L&Dby appealing tomoral standards recognised by both
contendingparties ininternationalarenas,achangeofnarrativemaybeconduciveto
achievingcollectiveactionandtoavoid turning the issue intoawin-losenegotiation
“game” (chapterbyCalliari et al. 2018).
Withevidence that climate impactsand risksarealsostronglyaffecting industri-
alisedcountriesdirectly(e.g.,Arctic)andindirectly(e.g., throughmigration), itmay
be fruitful to frame thedebate in termsof thebenefits that actingonadaptationand
its possible limits and failures could bring for developed countries.Considerations
could range fromworking towardsmore resilient global supply chains to gaining
support for climatedisplacement and refugees.Exploringmutual gainswould con-
tribute tobolstering collective actiononan issueof commonconcern, aswell as to
elevate andbetter integrateL&Dintoother climate negotiation agenda items, such
ascapacitybuilding, technologyand theglobal stocktake.
A general and joint entry point is the SDG agenda, essentially supportingUN
member states’ transformation around a set of global developmental goals. The
SDGs,passedin2015,constituteauniversal setof17goalsand169targetsdefining
developmentaspirationandideally,collective transformationforall signatorycoun-
tries (UN2015). The SDGdebate casts an integrated and unifying perspective on
development. Integrated—as it requiresa synergistic lookacross thesebroaddevel-
opment goals, and unifying—as it involves all signatories (Dodds andDonoghue
2016). Risk is fundamental inmany regards. There are down-side risks (disasters
andclimate-related impacts as at theheatof theL&Ddiscourse),whichareexplic-
itly and implicitlymentioned inmany of the SDGs. The need for and benefits of
up-side risk taking through increased investment into the socio-economic develop-
mentobjectives is anotheroneof thecross-cutting issues.
Transformativeriskmanagement,which,asweargue,shouldbeoneofthepillars
of the L&D policy space, thus may be one of those issues of common concern
(Schinko et al. 2018). Innovative polycentric science-society partnership models
are springingup to support the implementationof transformative riskmanagement
options thatmanagecriticaldisaster risks“on theground”.Evidence fromhotspots,
not only has potential to informbetter development policies, butmay also support
actions in industrialised countries facing similar issues (Mechler et al. 2018b).The
roleof technologyiscrucial inthiscontext,as itshapesrisksandlimits toadaptation
and riskmanagement.Yet, access in developing countries is constrained.National
hydrological andmeteorological services indeveloping countries, for example, are
Loss and Damage from Climate Change
Concepts, Methods and Policy Options
- Title
- Loss and Damage from Climate Change
- Subtitle
- Concepts, Methods and Policy Options
- Authors
- Reinhard Mechler
- Laurens M. Bouwer
- Thomas Schinko
- Swenja Surminski
- JoAnne Linnerooth-Bayer
- Publisher
- Springer Open
- Date
- 2019
- Language
- English
- License
- CC BY 4.0
- ISBN
- 978-3-319-72026-5
- Size
- 16.0 x 24.0 cm
- Pages
- 580
- Keywords
- Environment, Climate change, Environmental law, Environmental policy, Risk management
- Categories
- International
- Naturwissenschaften Umwelt und Klima