Page - 209 - in Loss and Damage from Climate Change - Concepts, Methods and Policy Options

8 Non-economicLossandDamageand theWarsaw… 209 Table8.1 NELDimpacts reported in the literature UNFCCC(2013)/Fankhauser andDietz2014 (Table2) MorrisseyandOliver-Smith (2013) (Fig.1) Andrei et al. (2015) Lossof life Lossof life Health Adversehealth impacts Physical andpsychological well-being Humanmobility (Dignity; Security;Agency) Territory (Sovereignty;Sense ofplace) Territoryabandonment Culturalheritage (Social cohesion, Identity) Indigenousknowledge (Social cohesion, Identity) Declineof indigenous knowledge Biodiversity Biodiversity loss Biodiversity/species Ecosystemservices Ecosystemservices Destructionofcultural sites Lossofculturally important landscapes Habitatdestruction Lossof identityandability to solveproblemscollectively Lossofknowledge/waysof thinking that arepartof lost livelihoodsystems Social cohesion,peacefully functioningsociety Education Traditions/religion/customs Socialbonds/relations NoteTerms in parentheses refer to terms listed as descriptions inUNFCCC2013 rather than as losses themselves.SourceAdapted fromSerdecznyet al. (2016b) 8.3.1 Context-Dependence Mostnon-economicvaluesaretheresultofspecifichuman-environmentinteractions. This renders themhighly context-dependent. For example, the loss of biodiversity will be experienced differently by a community whose culture is built around a particularnaturalecosystemthanbyacommunity thatdoesnotrelate to thisecosys- tem.Kirsch (2001) in his analysis of the legal struggle for compensation for “cul- ture loss” sufferedbyMarshall Islanders followingnuclearweapons testingby the UnitedStates,reportsthespecificvaluethat landholdsindifferentcontexts.Quoting