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10 DisplacementandResettlement:Understanding… 241
Fig.10.3 Migrationtotals,measuredastotalforeign-bornpopulation.DataSourceUnitedNations
PopulationDivision (2017)
onthecriteriausedtoidentifypopulationmovementsasvoluntaryversusforcedand
environmentallyorotherwisemotivated.
Lookingat internationalmigrationgenerally,data indicate increasingvolumesof
migration,butdifferdependingon themeansofmeasurement.TheUnitedNations,
measuringmigrationasthetotalforeign-bornpopulationthroughouttheworld,iden-
tifiesthenumberofforeign-bornresidentsofcountriestobeover250millionin2017,
with over 25million of those categorised as refugees and asylum-seekers (United
Nations PopulationDivision 2017). Figure 10.3 presents the UnitedNations data
measuring the number of people livingoutside their country of birth, showing sig-
nificant increasesover thepast25years.
While for foreign-bornpopulations, there is readily available data, studies chal-
lenge this operationalisationofmigration, as it fails to capturewhenpeoplemoved
andfromwhere.AbelandSander(2014),forinstance,estimatethevolumeofmigra-
tion flows and direction since 1990, finding that while the stock of foreign-born
populationsgloballyhas increased, therehasnotbeenadrastic increase in theflow
of migrants in recent years, relative to the global population size or in absolute
quantities.Thesedifferences inmeasurementpaintverydifferentpictures regarding
contemporary globalmigration, with popular narratives often followingUNdata,
shown inFig.10.3, indicatingmassive increases inmigrants.
Theprocessofmeasurementandanalysis isfurthercomplicatedwhenattempting
todetermine thecauseof themovement.
Determining the proportion of internationalmigrantswho relocate due to envi-
ronmental changes faces the samechallenges as estimatingmigrantflows,with the
Loss and Damage from Climate Change
Concepts, Methods and Policy Options
- Title
- Loss and Damage from Climate Change
- Subtitle
- Concepts, Methods and Policy Options
- Authors
- Reinhard Mechler
- Laurens M. Bouwer
- Thomas Schinko
- Swenja Surminski
- JoAnne Linnerooth-Bayer
- Publisher
- Springer Open
- Date
- 2019
- Language
- English
- License
- CC BY 4.0
- ISBN
- 978-3-319-72026-5
- Size
- 16.0 x 24.0 cm
- Pages
- 580
- Keywords
- Environment, Climate change, Environmental law, Environmental policy, Risk management
- Categories
- International
- Naturwissenschaften Umwelt und Klima