Page - 397 - in Loss and Damage from Climate Change - Concepts, Methods and Policy Options

17 SupportingClimateRiskManagementatScale… 397 tionsandtheprivatesectortoworktotransformationactiononmanagingfloodrisks. Theprogramusesaparticipatoryandadaptivemanagementapproachtodevelopsus- tainableportfoliosofresilience-buildinginterventionsthat tacklebothfloodriskand development objectives in synergy for communities exposed to erosive risks. It has beenworking in various countries and cases characterised by different challenges and opportunities. The partnership builds its science-society interventions innova- tively around a systems perspective for understanding risk and resilience, which takesaccountofashiftingdisaster riskdiscourse thatemphasisesdisaster resilience as “bouncing forward” and considering transformative approaches (Keating et al. 2016a). Thischapter, reportingandreflectingontheexperienceof theAlliance in lightof theLossandDamagedebate,istouchingonthefollowingquestions:Howtoorganise suchmodelsandpartnerships?Whatarelearningsfromexistingactivities?Howcan learningbeupscaled? Weoutlineprocessesandevidencecreatedviaanumberofcasestudiesconducted aspartof theAlliancework.Wefocusourexaminationanddiscussionontwocases, where livelihoods are particularly being eroded by flood risk with amplifications by climate change: (i) in theKarnali river basins inNepal, communities are facing rapidon-setflashfloodsduring themonsoonseason, (ii) in theRimacbasin inPeru communities are exposed to riverine flooding, which periodically ismagnified by theElNiñophenomenon. Thechapterisorganisedasfollows:Sect.17.2presentsthemethodologicalframe- work underlying the science-society partnershipmodel and our evaluation in this chapter. Section 17.3 presents the FloodResilienceAlliance in somemore detail. Section 17.4 outlines methods and models developed, whose applications to the Alliancework and cases is the topic of Sect. 17.5 before Sect. 17.6 finally reflects andderives implications. 17.2 MethodologicalFrameworkforScience-Society Partnerships: ImplementingaSystemsApproach forDealingwithCriticalRisks Themethodological frameworkunderlyingour further discussionbuildson several entrypoints,whichcanbealignedusingasystemsapproach.Withemphasisonpro- vidingusefulknowledgeforinformingsustainabilitytransitionsandtransformations hascomeacall to the researchcommunity toorganiseknowledgecreation that cuts across scales.As an important key reference,Turnheimet al. (2015) reflect onkey analytical traditions and suggests a need for a joint framework andbridging across various approaches.The authors identify 3dominant research traditions that are of highrelevancefor thesustainabilitydiscourse involvingvariousscalesandanalytics aswell asoutcomesand interactions.