Page - 515 - in Loss and Damage from Climate Change - Concepts, Methods and Policy Options

22 Technology forClimate Justice… 515 Fig.22.1 Community information board in the Banke and Bardia district in Nepal explaining appropriatefloodmitigationmeasuresand thecommunity-basedearlywarningsystem More specifically, we aim to disentangle the relationship between technology and loss anddamage, adaptation anddisaster riskmanagement fromaclimate jus- ticeperspective through threeguidingquestions (1)Howcan theroleof technology in reaching climate justice for vulnerable and poor communities be assessed? (2) Howistechnologyshapingadaptationlimits, therebyreducinglossesanddamages? (3)What are the current transparencymechanisms of key global agreements (and related regional, national and local ones) with relevance for climate change and howdo these cover losses anddamages andunveil technology (in)justice?Weuse anexploratoryandmostlyqualitativeresearchdesigntoaddresstheseresearchques- tions.Wecombinedesk researchof scientific literature, ananalysisof the reporting that is available on theglobal agreements (retrospectively) and an analysis ofwhat will be reported in the future (forward-looking), national and local leveldocuments inrelationtodisaster riskmanagementonfloods(thedominantclimate-relatedrisks globally) aswell as a case study. The case study investigates transboundary flood community-basedearlywarningsystems(EWS)thatareoperational in theBrahma- putra river basin (Bangladesh–India) and in theKarnali river basin (India–Nepal; Fig.22.1 showscommunity informationonsuchanEWSinNepal). Thechapter structure is as follows.Section22.2 addresses researchquestion (1) andpresents five components to characterise the role technologyplays in reaching climatejustice.Section22.3categoriseshowtechnologycanshapeadaptationlimits (researchquestion2).Section22.4showshowtheplethoraof reportingandreview- ingmechanismsof thekeyglobal agreements and their regional, national and local counterparts cover loss anddamageonly to a limited extent anddonot adequately unveil injustices (researchquestion3).Section22.5brings the resultsof these three sections together inacoherent framework that canbeused toassess technology for