Page - 31 - in Reflective Cosmopolitanism - Educating towards inclusive communities through Philosophical Enquiry

TINA AND AMIR (MANUAL) 31 tions about what it means to have a friend and what it means “to be friends with.” Are there some essential characteristics of friendship? Can we find out core characteristics of friendship in different societies and cultures? Are there different meanings and functions of friendship? What are the cultural similarities and differences? You can find further resources on the concept of “friendship” in the manual to Christian, episode 1, leading idea 2 on “Friendship/Comradeship”; in the manual to Ella, episode 1, leading idea 4, episode 7, leading idea 1 and exercise “Friendship”; and in the manual to Hanadi, epilogue, leading idea 1 “Girl/Boy Friendship”. Discussion Plan: Friends – friendship Friends are important for children, as well as for adults. We will try to explore the complex concept of friendship. What kind of understanding do you have if we talk about friendship? Does it mean the same to us all? What does it mean to have a friend? 1. What kind of understanding do you have if you think about friendship? 2. What does friendship mean? 3. What is a friend? 4. What does a friend mean to you? 5. What is the meaning of the word friend? 6. What makes someone the best friend? 7. Are there people who do not have any friends? 8. When do you call a person a friend? 9. Can a sister or a brother be a friend? 10. Can a parent or grandparent be a friend? 11. Could you be friends with an elderly person? 12. Could you have a friend that is not a person? 13. What is the difference between relatives and friends? 14. Are there similarities between relatives and friends? 15. How can you make friends? 16. In what ways can someone be a friend? 17. Is there a difference between how you treat a friend and how you treat your sister/brother/cousin? 18. Could you ever think of something that would break your friendship with your best friend? 19. What does it mean to have a friend? 20. What does it mean “being friends with”? Leading Idea 5: Bullying Every day thousands of children are afraid to go to school because they are worried that they will be picked on over and over again. Bullying is when a person is picked on over and over again by an individual or a group; it is a repeated aggression and can be verbal, psychological or physical. We often do not know and understand how extreme bullying can get. Children can be bullied because of their appearance, their language, their social status, their religion… Bullying can have many forms: it can be a form of individual aggres- sion or a form of social violence or a form of group dynamics of inclusion and exclusion. Verbal bullying can also involve cyberbullying, which includes sending cruel texts, messages or posting insults about a person on Facebook or other social media.