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190 I. Trejos-Zelaya E Design test plans, scenarios, scripts, or procedures. E Test system modifications to prepare for implementation. E Develop testing programs that address areas such as database E Document software defects, using a bug tracking system, and report E Identify, analyze, and document problems with program function, E Monitor bug resolution efforts and track successes. E Create or maintain databases of known test defects. M Plan test schedules or strategies in accordance with project scope or E Participate in product design reviews to provide input on functional E Review software documentation to ensure technical accuracy, E Document test procedures to ensure replicability and compliance E Develop or specify standards, methods, or procedures to determine E Update automated test scripts to ensure currency. Fig. 6 Fragment of software quality engineer graduate profile (task abilities). Cenfotec (2009) quality assurance; in addition to the projects and several courses on programming, requirements, design and construction, there are courses going deeper on software engineeringprocessesandsoftwareverificationandvalidation. As of this writing, Cenfotec is launching two new programmes on software testing: Software Testing Technician (four terms, nine courses), Software Test Analyst postgraduate programme (five courses, five certifications aligned with ISTQB, IREBandSelenium). 6.1.2 StateUniversities Since 2008, the Distance Education University (UNED) offers a Postgraduate Diploma(‘Licenciatura’)on InformaticsEngineeringandSoftware Quality (‘Inge- niería Informáticay Calidaddel Software’)which includesninecoursesanda final project(eitheran internshiporadirectedresearch).Thecoursesinclude:ITsystems quality management, advanced requirements engineering, quality systems, change management, configuration management, IT marketing, analytical methods and software quality metrics, software qualitycontrol and software quality certification models. The Costa Rica Technical University started offering a degree programme on software engineering in 2011, which includes one course on software quality and another on software quality management and validation. The Costa Rica Institute of Technologystarted in 2012a new versionof its reputedComputingEngineering degree(‘IngenieríaenComputación’),which included,for thefirst timesince1976, a course covering the foundations of software testing, software quality assurance andsoftwareconfigurationmanagement; input fromemployersandgraduateswere the main reason for including such a course in the curriculum. In 2017, the Universityof Costa Rica made a major change in its prestigiousComputerScience