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VULNERABLE - The Law, Policy and Ethics of COVID-19
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5Introduction Our epidemiological understanding of COVID-19 is greatly hindered by the quality and availability of data. Still, available data show some emerging patterns. Globally, it seems more men die than women: 69% of all coronavirus deaths reported across Western Europe have been male.17 However, in Canada this trend is reversed, as the vast majority of deaths have occurred in long-term care homes, where the majority of residents and workers are women.18 There are also sig- nificant differences in rates of death by age groups, with older people dying most.19 A large sample in Italy found that 80% of deaths were among people aged 70 and older.20 Nursing home residents and care workers in many high-income countries (HICs) have died in staggering numbers. At least one-third of COVID-19 deaths in the U.S. have been in nursing homes (whether residents or caregivers). Similarly, WHO figures indicate that almost half of all people who have died in Europe were residents of care facilities.21 Canada has the highest proportion of deaths in long-term care settings among 14 countries in a study by the International Long-Term Care Policy Network, an incredible 82%.22 Initially, little data was collected on the socio-economic, racial, and ethnic backgrounds of victims. Once data began to be collected, testing rates. See “Hamilton’s Associate Medical Officer of Health Apologizes to Premier Doug Ford”, CBC News (24 April 2020), online: <https://www.cbc.ca/ news/canada/hamilton/bart-harvey-apology-doug-ford-1.5543557>. 17. Martha Henriques, “Why Covid-19 is Different for Men and Women”, BBC News (12 April 2020), online: <https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20200409- why-covid-19-is-different-for-men-and-women>. 18. As of May 15, 55% of confirmed cases of COVID-19 are women, and women made up 53% of the total deaths in Canada. See Olivia Bowden, “More Canadian Women Have COVID-19 and are Dying as a Result. Here’s Some Possible Reasons Why”, Global  News (17 May 2020), online: <https://globalnews.ca/ news/6920505/more-women-have-coronavirus/>. 19. Anuja Vaidya, “6 Insights into COVID-19 Patient Care Patterns Worldwide” (12 May 2020), online: Becker’s  Hospital  Review <https://www.beckershospitalreview. com/patient-safety-outcomes/6-insights-into-covid-19-patient-care-patterns- worldwide.html>. 20. David Wallace-Wells, “COVID-19 Targets the Elderly. Why Don’t Our Prevention Efforts?”, New  York  Magazine (13 May 2020), online: <https://nymag.com/ intelligencer/2020/05/covid-targets-the-elderly-why-dont-our-prevention- efforts.html>. 21. Eimear Flanagan, “Coronavirus: Almost Half of Irish Covid-19 Deaths in Care Homes”, BBC News (23 April 2020), online: <https://www.bbc.com/news/world- europe-52399869>. 22. International Long-term Care Policy Network & Care Policy and Evaluation Cen- tre, “Country Reports: COVID-19 and Long-Term Care” (19 April 2020), online: Resources  to  Support  Community  and  Institutional  Long-Term  Care  Responses  to  COVID- 19 <https://ltccovid.org/country-reports-on-covid-19-and-long-term-care/>.
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VULNERABLE The Law, Policy and Ethics of COVID-19
Title
VULNERABLE
Subtitle
The Law, Policy and Ethics of COVID-19
Authors
Vanessa MacDonnell
Jane Philpott
Sophie Thériault
Sridhar Venkatapuram
Publisher
Ottawa Press
Date
2020
Language
English
License
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
ISBN
9780776636429
Size
15.2 x 22.8 cm
Pages
648
Categories
Coronavirus
International
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VULNERABLE