Page - 138 - in VULNERABLE - The Law, Policy and Ethics of COVID-19

VULNERABLE138 Table A8.1  Municipal responses to COVID-19 (to May 11, 2020) Municipal state of emergency42 Physical distancing by-laws43 “Snitch” line44 Focus on fines and sanctions45 Assistance for the most vulnerable46 Projected deficit Halifax No No No Yes Yes Yes47 Montréal Yes No Yes Yes Yes No48 Ottawa Yes No Yes Yes Yes Yes49 Toronto Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes50 Winnipeg Yes Yes No No Yes Yes51 Calgary Yes Yes No No Yes Yes52 Edmonton Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes53 Vancouver Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes54 42. Canadian Urban Institute, “City Watch Canada” (last visited 1 May 2020), online: City  Watch  Canada <https://citywatchcanada.ca>. 43. Ibid. 44. Luscombe & McLellan, supra note 34. 45. Ibid; Canadian Urban Institute, supra note 19. 46. Ibid. 47. City of Halifax Budget Committee, Proposed  2020/21  Budget  Recast  for  COVID-19  Impacts (Halifax: City of Halifax, 2020) at 8, online (pdf): Halifax <https://www. halifax.ca/sites/default/files/documents/city-hall/regional-council/200512bc3.pdf>. 48. Amy Luft, “Montreal Plans to Cut Spending to Make up for COVID-19 Revenue Losses”, CTV News (23 April 2020), online: <https://montreal.ctvnews. ca/montreal-plans-to-cut-spending-to-make-up-for-covid-19-revenue-losses- 1.4908984>. 49. Josh Pringle, “City of Ottawa Facing Multi-Million Dollar Budget Deficit Due to COVID-19”, CTV News (22 April 2020), online: <https://ottawa.ctvnews.ca/city-of- ottawa-facing-multi-million-dollar-budget-deficit-due-to-covid-19-1.4906957>. 50. Oliver Moore, “Pandemic Could Push Toronto’s Budget Shortfall to Nearly $2.8-billion, Mayor Says”, The  Globe  and  Mail (17 April 2020), online: <https:// www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/article-pandemic-could-push-torontos- budget-shortfall-to-nearly-28-billion/>. 51. Sean Kavanagh, “Winnipeg City Council Report Shows Losses in Millions Because of COVID-19”, CBC (2 April 2020), online: <https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ manitoba/city-winnipeg-report-tax-deferral-lost-revenue-covid-1.5519266>. 52. Adam MacVicar, “City of Calgary Facing $235M Financial Gap if Pandemic Continues Through December”, Global  News (30 April 2020), online: <https:// globalnews.ca/news/6889351/calgary-235m-financial-gap-covid-pandemic- december/>. 53. Jeremey Thompson, “City of Edmonton Temporarily Lays off 900 More Staff as $163M Shortfall Looms”, CTV News (27 April 2020), online: <https://edmon- ton.ctvnews.ca/city-of-edmonton-temporarily-lays-off-900-more-staff-as- 163m-shortfall-looms-1.4913647>. 54. City of Vancouver, News Release, “Council Approves Delay in Property Tax Payment Deadline to September 30” (29 April 2020), online: City  of  Vancouver <https://vancouver.ca/news-calendar/council-approves-delay-in-property-tax- payment-deadline-to-september-30.aspx>.