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440 Factory War and Domestic Front, 1915
since in Austria ‘there is a strong feeling that the prestige of Austria towards Hungary
threatens to recede into the background’. These points did not aim at an exhaustive ac-
count of the failings and weaknesses of the government. They were sufficient, however,
and the representatives of the upper house of the Reichsrat closed with the declaration
‘that the government is not capable of meeting these demands’. They had, therefore,
come to Stürgkh in order to explain this to him ‘with complete openness’.
This action did not lead to the overthrow of the government either, or to the resig-
nation of the Prime Minister. Just two ministers, including Interior Minister Baron
Heinold, were replaced. The Prime Minister remained, however, and seemed unim-
pressed. His backing was the Emperor, and he therefore thrust aside all allegations
and complaints, as well as hidden threats that he would have to give an account of his
actions at some point in the future. He did not respond to the attacks of the Christian
Socialists, who opposed him and reproached him by saying that the worst parliamen-
tarianism was still better than none at all.1051 He also failed to react to the accusations
of politicians from other parties, and could even derive a certain confirmation of his
own opinion from the enormously varying perceptions of the nationalist politicians.
The German National League had demanded that German be the official language as
early as 1914. In the same year, the trade and economic alliance with Germany had also
been proclaimed as indispensable. The Viennese Professor for Eastern European His-
tory, Hans Uebersberger, who had contributed to the indictment against Karel Kramař,
advocated a military dictatorship. Naturally, the representatives of Slav nationalities
vehemently resisted the demands of the German nationalists. Could very much really
be expected of the reconvening of parliament ? The result of all this for the Vienna
government was not the knowledge of being replaceable but instead a feeling of isola-
tion and competition towards the other power centres. Since the Emperor had become
almost invisible and so obviously refused to change anything of note, politicians and
the military were both inclined to see only their own individual realities from now on.
And this special problem of selective perception strengthened each and every one of the
actors in the belief that they were doing the right thing and, if this was not complied
with, to paint a picture of impending disaster. The war had reached the stage of dismal
prophecies.
THE FIRST WORLD WAR
and the End of the Habsburg Monarchy, 1914 – 1918
- Titel
- THE FIRST WORLD WAR
- Untertitel
- and the End of the Habsburg Monarchy, 1914 – 1918
- Autor
- Manfried Rauchensteiner
- Verlag
- Böhlau Verlag
- Ort
- Wien
- Datum
- 2014
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
- ISBN
- 978-3-205-79588-9
- Abmessungen
- 17.0 x 24.0 cm
- Seiten
- 1192
- Kategorien
- Geschichte Vor 1918
Inhaltsverzeichnis
- 1 On the Eve 11
- 2 Two Million Men for the War 49
- 3 Bloody Sundays 81
- 4 Unleashing the War 117
- 5 ‘Thank God, this is the Great War!’ 157
- 6 Adjusting to a Longer War 197
- 7 The End of the Euphoria 239
- 8 The First Winter of the War 283
- 9 Under Surveillance 317
- 10 ‘The King of Italy has declared war on Me’ 355
- 11 The Third Front 383
- 12 Factory War and Domestic Front, 1915 413
- 13 Summer Battle and ‘Autumn Swine’ 441
- 14 War Aims and Central Europe 469
- 15 South Tyrol : The End of an Illusion (I) 497
- 16 Lutsk :The End of an Illusion (II) 521
- 17 How is a War Financed ? 555
- 18 The Nameless 583
- 19 The Death of the Old Emperor 607
- 20 Emperor Karl 641
- 21 The Writing on the Wall 657
- 22 The Consequences of the Russian February Revolution 691
- 23 Summer 1917 713
- 24 Kerensky Offensive and Peace Efforts 743
- 25 The Pyrrhic Victory : The Breakthrough Battle of Flitsch-Tolmein 769
- 26 Camps 803
- 27 Peace Feelers in the Shadow of Brest-Litovsk 845
- 28 The Inner Front 869
- 29 The June Battle in Veneto 895
- 30 An Empire Resigns 927
- 31 The Twilight Empire 955
- 32 The War becomes History 983
- Epilogue 1011
- Afterword 1013
- Acknowledgements and Dedication 1019
- Notes 1023
- Selected Printed Sources and Literature 1115
- Index of People and Places 1155