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214 O.Serdeczny
suchconsiderations,questionsofadequatescalesandconditionsforsupportandfair
remedywill beparticularly relevant. Insights into theapplicationofcomprehensive
riskmanagement and the integrationofnon-economicvalues intodecision-making
canguide thedevelopmentofpractical guidelines for implementationofpreventive
measures. The questions of fair responses to unavoidedNELD impacts aswell as
fairburdensharingandappropriatescalesofsupport forpreventivemeasurescanbe
further clarifiedacademicallybut their response isofultimatelypoliticalnature.
8.4.1 AvoidingandReducingNELD
The literatureoncomprehensive riskmanagementanddecisionmakingoffersvalu-
able insights intomeans of integrating non-economic values into decision-making
processes (see also Box 8.1). The technical paper on NELD commissioned by
the UNFCCC lists a number of methods to valuation of non-economic values
and their integration into decision-making. Proposedmethods are economic valu-
ation, multi-criteria decision analysis, composite risk indices and qualitative and
semi-quantitativemethods(UNFCCC2013a).Thechoiceofmethodwillultimately
depend on scale and availability of resources. While the active involvement and
empowerment of local communities has been suggested as the preferablemode of
workwithnon-economicvalues (NELD2015), thequalitativemethods thatgowith
suchapproachesoftenhinder largecoverageandcomparabilitybetweencases.
On a country-basis, some countries have started to implement policymeasures
safeguardingnon-economicvalues.Facedwith theprospect of losing largepartsof
inhabitable land, theState ofKiribati has embarkedonaprogrammeof “migration
withdignity”,whichentailsvocationaltrainingandsupportforearlymigrants(Office
of the President Republic ofKiribati 2016). In a situation of future necessity, this
programmeintroducesanelementofchoice throughthelong-termplanninghorizon
provided to individuals or communities, aswell as institutional support.While no
explicit reference ismade to thepreservationof agency, community ties and social
cohesion, it is clear that such a programme iswell suited to preserve such values
thatmight otherwisebe lost in theprocessof forcedandunplannedmigration.The
exampleofKiribati illustrateshowknowledgeandunderstandingofnon-economic
values can shapepolicies aimed at avoiding the risks of climate change at large: If
relocationwill have to be an option, then a better understanding of the values that
people care for can guide policies in support of preserving these values. Notably
neither quantification nor monetisation are necessary for the approach chosen by
Kiribati.
Related to thequestionof support for the implementationof comprehensive risk
managementmeasures, it isnotclearwhetherstandardswillbedevelopedtoaccount
for theprotectionofNELD.WhileLossandDamage isnot treatedunder theGreen
ClimateFund,criteriadeveloped toguide fundingdecisionsshowthatenvironmen-
Loss and Damage from Climate Change
Concepts, Methods and Policy Options
- Titel
- Loss and Damage from Climate Change
- Untertitel
- Concepts, Methods and Policy Options
- Autoren
- Reinhard Mechler
- Laurens M. Bouwer
- Thomas Schinko
- Swenja Surminski
- JoAnne Linnerooth-Bayer
- Verlag
- Springer Open
- Datum
- 2019
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- CC BY 4.0
- ISBN
- 978-3-319-72026-5
- Abmessungen
- 16.0 x 24.0 cm
- Seiten
- 580
- Schlagwörter
- Environment, Climate change, Environmental law, Environmental policy, Risk management
- Kategorien
- International
- Naturwissenschaften Umwelt und Klima