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Materials
2016,
9,
171 5
of
9
observed in the film prepared with PS and in the film prepared with pristine CB, as shown in
Figure
2b.
Figure 2. (a) The absorption spectra of neat PTB7 and PC71BM films; (b) absorption spectra of
PTB7/PC71BM films cast from solvents with or without DIO and/or PS additives. The data was
normalized by
the film thickness.
It can be found there is no significant difference between Film 1 and Film 3, while there is
an increase of obvious relative absorption intensity in the region of 300–800 nm for Film 2 and Film 4.
This result indicates that under the same conditions, films with PS additives can harvest solar
photons more effectively than the films prepared from CB and CB: DIO. The more light absorbed,
the higher photocurrent generated [28]. This is the reason why the Jsc increases after the addition of
high‐molecular‐weight
insulating polymer PS.
In order to investigate the effects of PS and DIO on the morphology of the blend films, the
surface topography and phase images of the blend films have been studied by atomic force
microscopy
(AFM)
in
taping
mode
(5
μm
×
5
μm),
as
shown
in
Figure
3.
The
roughness
of
Film
1,
Film
2,
Film 3 and Film 4 are 4.685, 4.855, 1.261 and 1.277 nm, respectively. Obviously, the roughness of the
blend films decrease after the addition of DIO, and the phase separation are more finely compared
with Film 1 and Film 2, as shown in the phase images. The addition of DIO to the casting solvent
results in smaller domains and a more finely interpenetrating BHJ morphology, relative to blend
films cast without DIO as shown in the phase diagrams. In particular, Film 4 does not reveal
significant increases in roughness at the nanoscale compared to Film 3. Also, the film roughnesses
of Film 1 and Film 2 are very similar. All this indicates that incorporating the insulating PS within
the photovoltaic layer without negative
drawbacks in phase separation.
300 400 500 600 700 800
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
480nm
PTB7
PC71BM
Wavelength / nm
a)
375nm
300 400 500 600 700 800
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
Wavelength / nm Film 1
Film 2
Film 3
Film 4
b)
Figure2. (a)TheabsorptionspectraofneatPTB7andPC71BMfilms; (b)absorption
spectraof PTB7/PC71BMfilms cast fromsolvents withor withoutDIOand/or PS
additives. Thedatawasnormalizedbythefilmthickness.
Inorder to investigate the ffectsofPSa dDIOonthemorphologyof theblend
films, the surface topography and phase images of the blend films have been studied
by atomic force microscopy (AFM) in taping mode (5µmˆ 5µm), as shown in
Figure 3. The roughness of Film 1, Film 2, Film 3 and Film 4 are 4.685, 4.855, 1.261
and 1.277 nm, respectively. Obviously, th roughness of the blen films decrease
after theadditionofDIO,andthephaseseparationaremorefinelycomparedwith
Film 1 and Film 2, as shown in the phase images. The addition of DIO to the
casting solvent results in smaller domains and a more finely interpenetrating BHJ
morphology,r lativetoblendfilmscastwithoutDIOasshownintheph sediagrams.
Inparticular,Film4doesnotrevealsignificantincreasesinroughnessatthenanoscale
compared to Film 3. Also, the film roughnesses of Film 1 and Film 2 are very similar.
All this indicates that incorporatingthe insulatingPSwithin thephotovoltaic layer
withoutnegativedrawbacks inphaseseparation.
7
Photovoltaic Materials and Electronic Devices
- Titel
- Photovoltaic Materials and Electronic Devices
- Autor
- Joshua M. Pearce
- Herausgeber
- MDPI
- Ort
- Basel
- Datum
- 2016
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
- ISBN
- 978-3-03842-217-4
- Abmessungen
- 17.0 x 24.4 cm
- Seiten
- 216
- Schlagwörter
- Perovskite, Plasmonics, Nanostructured Materials, Anti-Reflection Coatings, Transparent Conductive Oxides, Amorphous Silicon, Dye-sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) Materials, Organic Photovoltaic Materials, Solar Energy Materials
- Kategorien
- Naturwissenschaften Physik
- Technik