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in that it decreases with increasing R. Increased atomic hydrogen present in the
plasmaresultingfromthe increase inhydrogendilutionmayetchweaklybonded
material, leadingto theremovalofpotentiallydefect-richmaterialandslowingthe
depositionrate. Thesedepositionrateswere laterused inVIAofRTSEdatacollected
for films nucleating crystallites. A schematic diagram showing a single junction n-i-p
devicewithRoptimizedfor the intendedthicknessesofeacha-Si:Hlayer is shown
inFigure8.
R = 200, the a
(a+nc) transition occurs at a bulk thickness of 40 Å, and the (a+nc) nc transition
occurs within 200 Å. The p‐layer should be deposited at the maximum R that can be sustained
without crossing the a
(a+nc) transition boundary throughout the desired thickness of 100–150 Å here.
This
p‐layer
growth
evolution
diagram
is
comparable
to
previously
published
diagrams
[11,12,63,64].
The slope of db, r(t) = d(db(t))/dt, was used to determine the deposition rate of each film even
though ε for films containing anocrystallites are not accurate due to phase evolution with
thickness. Figure 7 shows variations in growth rate as functions of R for n‐, i‐, and p‐layers. The
deposition rate shows a familiar trend in that it decreases with increasing R. Increased atomic
hydrogen present in the plasma resulting from the increase in hydrogen dilution may etch weakly
bonded material, leading to the removal of potentially defect‐rich material and slowing the
deposition rate. These deposition rates were later used in VIA of RTSE data collected for films
nucleating
crystallites.
A
schematic
diagram
showing
a
single
junction
n‐i‐p
device
with
R
optimized
for the
intended thicknesses of each a‐Si:H layer is shown in Figure
8.
(a) (b)
Figure 7. Cont.
Materials
2016,
9,
128 15
of
23
(c)
Figure 7. Deposition rates of (a) n‐, (b) i‐, and (c) p‐layers on ZnO/Ag, n‐layer/ZnO/Ag, and
i‐layer/glass, respectively, as functions of R.
Figure 8. Schematic of a single junction a‐Si:H based solar cell prepared in the n‐i‐p configuration.
Each
amorphous
or
protocrystalline
Si:H
layer
is
optimized
to
a
value
of
R
with
an
intended
thickness.
3.3.
Ex situ SE Study of a‐Si:H in n‐i‐p Configuration
Solar Cells from the Mid‐IR to Near UV
Figure 7. Deposition rates of (a) n-, (b) i-, and (c) p-layers on ZnO/Ag,
n-layer/ZnO/Ag,and i-layer/glass, respectively,as functions ofR.
82
Photovoltaic Materials and Electronic Devices
- Titel
- Photovoltaic Materials and Electronic Devices
- Autor
- Joshua M. Pearce
- Herausgeber
- MDPI
- Ort
- Basel
- Datum
- 2016
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
- ISBN
- 978-3-03842-217-4
- Abmessungen
- 17.0 x 24.4 cm
- Seiten
- 216
- Schlagwörter
- Perovskite, Plasmonics, Nanostructured Materials, Anti-Reflection Coatings, Transparent Conductive Oxides, Amorphous Silicon, Dye-sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) Materials, Organic Photovoltaic Materials, Solar Energy Materials
- Kategorien
- Naturwissenschaften Physik
- Technik