Seite - 45 - in Universities in Imperial Austria, 1848–1918 - A Social History of a Multilingual Space

Chapter 1 ♦  45 of these meant that the process had to be repeated (there were exceptions to this rule, however).112 Moreover, Privatdozenten had to receive permission to use teaching aids, demonstration materials, and seminar libraries, which made their position dependent on the full professors who controlled these resources. The subject (Fach)113 covered by a Privatdozent depended on a syllabus submitted during the habilitation process, and it could be expanded only with the ministry’s approval. Thus, this law favored professionalization and political supervision instead of the previous principles of autonomy. In the direct aftermath of the granting of autonomy in 1848, several universities appointed scholars as Dozenten without the ministry’s authorization; after the new regulations were enacted, these scholars had to habilitate to achieve the status of Privatdozent.114 Formal habilitation procedures and ministerial control led to a considerable reduction in the number of instructors, espe- cially in Prague, but the ministry harshly reminded the faculties that they were responsible for controlling the teaching and political behavior of their instructors in accordance with the new rules.115 tAble 1 Salaries of full professors at Cisleithanian universities (in guldens) 1849 1870 1898 Vienna 1,600 2,200 3,200 Prague 1,300 2,000 3,200 Cracow 1,200 1,800 3,200 L’viv 1,200 1,800 3,200 Graz 1,000 1,800 3,200 Innsbruck 1,000 1,800 3,200 Olomouc 1,000 n/a n/a Chernivtsi 1,8001 3,200 Sources: “Erlaß des Ministers des Cultus und Unterrichts, womit die mit Allerhöchster Entschließung vom 26. October 1849 genehmigte provisorische Vorschrift über die künf- tige Regulirung der Gehalte und des Vorrückungsrechtes der Facultäts-Professoren an den Universitäten zu Wien, Prag, Lemberg, Krakau, Olmütz, Gratz und Innsbruck mitgetheilt wird,” Allgemeines Reichs­ Gesetz­ und Regierungsblatt für das Kaiserthum Österreich 1849 (Vienna: Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, 1850), 811–13; “Gesetz von 9. April 1870 betref- fend die Gehalte der Professoren an den Weltlichen Fakultäten der Universitäten und das Quartiergeld der Facultäts-Professoren in Wien,” Reichsgesetzblatt, 12 April 1870, 75–76; “Gesetz von 19. September 1898 betreffend die Regelung der Bezüge der Professoren an Universitäten und denselben gleichgehaltenen Hochschulen und Lehranstalten,” Reichs- gesetzblatt, 20 September 1898, 295–96. Note: n/a, not applicable. 1 Data is from 1875.