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78 ♦ Universities in Imperial Austria, 1848–1918
from 1848 and in L’viv from 1851, when the position holders were removed
for political reasons.149 The universities were trying to push through Polish
luminaries, most of whom were politically unacceptable to the ministry.150
In turn, the scholars whom Thun-Hohenstein wanted to appoint to these
positions declined.151 In the case of renowned writer and journalist Józef
Ignacy Kraszewski, although the ministry, the university, and the nomi-
nee agreed on terms, the Russian government refused to issue him a visa,
thwarting the appointment. Finally, with some hesitation on all sides, Thun-
Hohenstein agreed to promote the long-term auxiliary professor152 of the
Jagiellonian University, Karol Mecherzyński, to a full professorship.153
Negotiating directly with Thun-Hohenstein, Antoni Małecki was relocated
from Innsbruck to L’viv the following year, changing his primary des-
ignation from classical to Slavic philology.154 Both scholars were in line
with the ministerial ideas on language research, clearly not fulfilling the
nationalist activists’ hopes that these chairs would be conduits of national
propaganda.155 Małecki, educated as a grammarian, learned Old Church
Slavic and then used Miklošič’s formal approach to languages as the basis
for his own grammatical texts on Polish.156 Mecherzyński’s research con-
centrated more on language than on literature, and his publications on the
influences of Latin and German on the development of Polish confirmed
his interest in comparative studies.157
The question of chairs of German literature and language arose only af-
ter professors of Slavic languages had been appointed. Since German was the
language of the monarchy, this might come as a surprise; however, language
teaching was the domain of readers (Lektoren), and lectures on German were
also held by professors of comparative philology. Moreover, German had
been taught under the guise of aesthetics or rhetoric (Beredsamkeit) at
Habsburg universities. German studies, in its newer philological form, was
also very political, concentrating on luminaries and historical continuities
and facilitating the spread of a pan-German consciousness to which the
Habsburg monarchy was averse.
The strategy of depoliticizing linguistic disciplines in German stud-
ies was similar to that used in Slavic studies. First, only grammarians and
philologists from abroad were nominated, with the focus clearly more on lan-
guage than on literature. In most cases, the ministry preferred scholars with
clear research interests in Catholic topics.158 Here, some Catholic writers
were appointed even if they lacked a formal education.159 Second, Thun-
Hohenstein’s first choices were local scholars or scholars with long-standing
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Buch Universities in Imperial Austria, 1848–1918 - A Social History of a Multilingual Space"
Universities in Imperial Austria, 1848–1918
A Social History of a Multilingual Space
- Titel
- Universities in Imperial Austria, 1848–1918
- Untertitel
- A Social History of a Multilingual Space
- Autor
- Jan Surman
- Verlag
- Purdue University Press
- Ort
- West Lafayette
- Datum
- 2019
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- PD
- ISBN
- 978-1-55753-861-1
- Abmessungen
- 16.5 x 25.0 cm
- Seiten
- 474
- Schlagwörter
- History, Austria, Eduction System, Learning
- Kategorien
- Geschichte Vor 1918
Inhaltsverzeichnis
- List of Illustrations vi
- List of Tables vii
- Acknowledgments ix
- Note on Language Use, Terminology, and Geography xi
- Abbreviations xiii
- Introduction A Biography of the Academic Space 1
- Chapter 1 Centralizing Science for the Empire 19
- Chapter 2 The Neoabsolutist Search for a Unified Space 49
- Chapterr 3 Living Out Academic Autonomy 89
- Chapter 4 German-Language Universities between Austrian and German Space 139
- Chapter 5 Habsburg Slavs and Their Spaces 175
- Chapter 6 Imperial Space and Its Identities 217
- Chapter 7 Habsburg Legacies 243
- Conclusion Paradoxes of the Central European Academic Space 267
- Appendix 1 Disciplines of Habilitation at Austrian Universities 281
- Appendix 2 Databases of Scholars at Cisleithanian Universities 285
- Notes 287
- Bibliography 383
- Index 445