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108 ♦ Universities in Imperial Austria, 1848–1918
for a German university.”82 This argument for the universality of German fell
on fertile ground, especially after the linguistic changes in Galicia. Tobias
Wildauer, the speaker of the parliamentary budgetary commission on this
issue, argued that after the Galician universities “lost their universal signifi-
cance and took on the character of camp establishments . . . the whole widely
stretched East of the Empire lacks a universally accessible site for fostering
science.”83 The minister of education and religion at that time, Karl Stremayr,
who not only supported the project but also considered himself one of its
driving forces, similarly saw the Austrian mission as bringing culture to the
East.84 In a petition to Franz Joseph, he stressed once more the importance
of German Bildung in the linguistically mixed regions, discussing, among
other locations, Olomouc, Brno, Opava, and Bielsko/Bielitz/Bílsko).85
Stremayr stressed that while all these cities would profit culturally
from a university, Chernivtsi had one particular asset: a university in this
city would be an instrument of foreign policy. According to him, it would
profit Romanians, both those living in Bukovina and those from abroad.
Since the 1860s the University of Iaşi (Romania), the nearest university to
Chernivtsi, had actively attracted the Romanian-speaking population of the
region. Thus, with the establishment of the university in Bukovina, “espe-
cially the Romanians of neighboring countries will be pulled once more
strongly toward German ‘Bildung’, and thus a step will be taken toward the
retrieval of the historical Austrian influence on this nation.”86 One should
bear in mind that at this time Romania was still a province of the Ottoman
Empire despite striving for independence and had a pro-Prussian Domnitor
(hereditary ruler), Carol I (Karl von Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen); the po-
litical implications of asserting this “cultural significance” should not be
underestimated.
In the end, German was made the language of instruction and of admin-
istrative affairs (except in several subjects at the Greek Orthodox faculty).
Indeed, notwithstanding the presence of peoples of many allegiances in the
assembly hall, the speakers at the opening ceremony clearly accentuated
the superiority of German culture and the German spirit.87 While other lan-
guages were also represented within the university’s walls, this was neither
initially planned nor achieved in large numbers. It was only thanks to the
petitions of Ruthenian and Romanian deputies that the ministry agreed to
create special chairs for both languages and literatures. The Romanian chair
took, however, the place of the chair of “oriental languages,” which in many
cases meant Hebrew.88 The Jewish population, according to statistics the
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Buch Universities in Imperial Austria, 1848–1918 - A Social History of a Multilingual Space"
Universities in Imperial Austria, 1848–1918
A Social History of a Multilingual Space
- Titel
- Universities in Imperial Austria, 1848–1918
- Untertitel
- A Social History of a Multilingual Space
- Autor
- Jan Surman
- Verlag
- Purdue University Press
- Ort
- West Lafayette
- Datum
- 2019
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- PD
- ISBN
- 978-1-55753-861-1
- Abmessungen
- 16.5 x 25.0 cm
- Seiten
- 474
- Schlagwörter
- History, Austria, Eduction System, Learning
- Kategorien
- Geschichte Vor 1918
Inhaltsverzeichnis
- List of Illustrations vi
- List of Tables vii
- Acknowledgments ix
- Note on Language Use, Terminology, and Geography xi
- Abbreviations xiii
- Introduction A Biography of the Academic Space 1
- Chapter 1 Centralizing Science for the Empire 19
- Chapter 2 The Neoabsolutist Search for a Unified Space 49
- Chapterr 3 Living Out Academic Autonomy 89
- Chapter 4 German-Language Universities between Austrian and German Space 139
- Chapter 5 Habsburg Slavs and Their Spaces 175
- Chapter 6 Imperial Space and Its Identities 217
- Chapter 7 Habsburg Legacies 243
- Conclusion Paradoxes of the Central European Academic Space 267
- Appendix 1 Disciplines of Habilitation at Austrian Universities 281
- Appendix 2 Databases of Scholars at Cisleithanian Universities 285
- Notes 287
- Bibliography 383
- Index 445