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Chapter 3 ♦ 109
most numerous group in the region, thus was not represented among the
university professorship. The existence of different chairs for language and
literature facilitated the later creation of various national organizations, in
which intellectuals played an important role. The growth of associations
such as the Romanian Arboroasa (The Woodland), the Ruthenian Січ
(Sich), the German Verein der christlichen Deutschen (Society of Christian
Germans), and the Jewish German-speaking Hasmonäa meant, on the one
hand, nationalist/religious mobilization across imagined boundaries but,
on the other, the beginning of modern nationalist movements in Bukovina.
Ruthenian and Romanian professors were active in the creation of these
organizations and attracted nationalist students as well as German ones;
the Jewish organizations were linked more to the former L’viv Privatdozent
Lazar Elias Igel (at the time the chief rabbi of Bukovina).89 Chernivtsi was
indeed an appealing place for professors to train as public intellectuals.
Not every group welcomed German as the medium of instruction. Since
the university tried never to favor any national group, nationalist activists in-
creasingly regarded it as a foreign body and a source of German nationalism.
It was, for example, the only university that rejected the Ruthenian students
who left the University of L’viv in 1901 because of a yearlong Ruthenian
boycott of the Eastern Galician university.90 But opposition outside of the
province was also active: the anti-Semitic press in Vienna bemoaned the cre-
ation of a university in a far corner of the empire where most of the adherents
of German culture were Jews.91
O Trieste, o nulla! The Italian University Question
Although the Slav question remained the most important national issue in
the late Habsburg Empire, western Cisleithania did not remain immune to
cultural tensions. While in Galicia the “Tyroleans of the East” struggled for
their university, in Tyrol German nationalists imagined the Welschtiroler
(Italians, or “Welsch-Tyroleans”) as Slavs who wanted to challenge German
cultural boundaries in the province.92
After the cities of Pavia and Padua freed themselves from the Habsburg
Empire, Italian-speaking Habsburg citizens could study only at the University
of Innsbruck. In particular, the importance of Italian legal studies was dis-
cussed throughout the nineteenth century; serious proposals for the creation
of a law academy or faculty in Trieste remained unresolved (its creation was
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Buch Universities in Imperial Austria, 1848–1918 - A Social History of a Multilingual Space"
Universities in Imperial Austria, 1848–1918
A Social History of a Multilingual Space
- Titel
- Universities in Imperial Austria, 1848–1918
- Untertitel
- A Social History of a Multilingual Space
- Autor
- Jan Surman
- Verlag
- Purdue University Press
- Ort
- West Lafayette
- Datum
- 2019
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- PD
- ISBN
- 978-1-55753-861-1
- Abmessungen
- 16.5 x 25.0 cm
- Seiten
- 474
- Schlagwörter
- History, Austria, Eduction System, Learning
- Kategorien
- Geschichte Vor 1918
Inhaltsverzeichnis
- List of Illustrations vi
- List of Tables vii
- Acknowledgments ix
- Note on Language Use, Terminology, and Geography xi
- Abbreviations xiii
- Introduction A Biography of the Academic Space 1
- Chapter 1 Centralizing Science for the Empire 19
- Chapter 2 The Neoabsolutist Search for a Unified Space 49
- Chapterr 3 Living Out Academic Autonomy 89
- Chapter 4 German-Language Universities between Austrian and German Space 139
- Chapter 5 Habsburg Slavs and Their Spaces 175
- Chapter 6 Imperial Space and Its Identities 217
- Chapter 7 Habsburg Legacies 243
- Conclusion Paradoxes of the Central European Academic Space 267
- Appendix 1 Disciplines of Habilitation at Austrian Universities 281
- Appendix 2 Databases of Scholars at Cisleithanian Universities 285
- Notes 287
- Bibliography 383
- Index 445