Seite - 344 - in Universities in Imperial Austria, 1848–1918 - A Social History of a Multilingual Space

344 ♦  Universities in Imperial Austria, 1848–1918 67. AT-OeStA/AVA Unterricht UM allg. Akten 918, PA Escherich (ad. Z. 4418), 12 February 1890. 68. Votum separatum of Leopold Gegenbauer in UAI, Ph 476/1890, emphasis in original; see also AT-OeStA/AVA Unterricht UM allg. Akten 1070, PA Blaas, Z. 14771, 13 August 1890. 69. See already Purkyně’s “Kritika: Carl Rokitansky, Die Conformität,” clearly written from the position of a Prague scholar opposing Vienna’s centrality. 70. NA, MKV/R, inv.č. 9, fasc. 116, PA Pelikan, Z. 8604, 18 October 1898; Z. 855, 11 January 1899. 71. AT-OeStA/AVA Unterricht UM allg. Akten 921, PA Payr, Z. 38748, 22 September 1907; and AT-OeStA/AVA Unterricht UM allg. Akten 630, PA Richter, Z. 43166, 7 November 1909. 72. See, e.g., on the physicist Marian Smoluchowski (appointed from Cracow to Vienna), AT-OeStA/AVA Unterricht UM allg. Akten 670, PA Gustav Jäger, Z. 22103, 15 June 1918; see also Teske, Marian Smoluchowski, 251–52. On the histopathologist Alfred Biesiadecki (appointed from Cracow to Vienna), see AT-OeStA/AVA Unterricht UM allg. Akten 625, PA Heschl, Z. 232, 13 May 1875.. 73. See, for example, Maria Wakounig, “Wissenschaft und Kariere? Polnische Mediziner an der Wiener Uni zwischen 1870 und 1914,” in Polen im alten Österreich: Kultur und Politik, ed. Walter Leitsch and Stanisław Trawkowski (Vienna: Böhlau, 1993), 107–15. 74. Natanson to Gumplowicz, 16 February 1889, Collection of the Manuscripts of the Jagiellonian Library, Cracow, sign. 9007 III, vol. 6. According to Gumplowicz, “First, all German (and maybe also Galician) professors make a sign of the cross if they see a candidate for a Privatdozent; Second, in the last few years there prevails here an epidemic fear of Jews; Third, they regard it here as a patriotic duty not to admit any non-German, and especially any Pole, for any function.” Gumplowicz to Natanson, 20 February 1889, fol. 215. Chapter 5 1. Quoted in Bohumil Jiroušek, “Jazyky v životě a díle Antonína Rezka,” in Binder, Velek, and Křivohlavá, Místo, 534. 2. In Cracow professors were considered of equal status to the aristocracy and often came from that group. This phenomenon was codified in countless jokes; see, e.g., Larry Wolff, “Dynastic Conservatism and Poetic Violence in Fin-de- Siècle Cracow: The Habsburg Matrix of Polish Modernism,” American Historical Review 106, no. 3 (2001): 741; and Antoni Podraza, “Dobry, Lepszy, Bobińska: Wysłuchała i opracowała Rita Pagacz-Moczarska,” Alma Mater, no. 63 (2004): esp. 48. See also, for a literary impression, Maryla Szymiczkowa, Tajemnica domu Helclów (Cracow: Znak, 2015). 3. Seibt, Die Teilung. 4. See the documentation from the ministry on the rejection of the appointment