Altstadt#

Altstadt ("old town"), oldest part of a town or city now often called "Kernstadt" (core or centre of town). Old towns in Austria often arose in the Middle Ages on the basis of models from Antiquity, they were fortified and generally not expanded until the middle of the 19th century. In some cities (e.g. Vienna) suburbs had already appeared by the modern era, but many towns and cities did not spread out until industrialisation or the allocation of new central functions in the 19th century.