Pirquet, Clemens Freiherr von#
b. Hirschstetten near Vienna, May 12, 1874, d. Vienna, Feb. 28, 1929, paediatrician, brother of Guido Pirquet; university professor in Baltimore (1908), Breslau (1910) and from 1911 in Vienna. 1905 with B. Schick founded the theory of allergies (term by P.) and of serum disease. 1907 invented the tuberculin skin reaction named after him; with his NEM-nutrition system (NEM = Naehrungs-Einheit-Milch, i.e. nutrition unit milk, 1 Nem = 1 g milk) became a pioneer of modern nutrition. After World War I headed the American aid campaign for Austrian children.
Works#
Die Serumkrankheit, 1905 (with B. Schick); Allergie, 1908; System der Ernaehrung, 4 parts, 1917-1920; Allergie des Lebensalters, 1930; Geschichte der Kindertuberkulose, 2 vols., 1930 (with M. Engel).Literature#
L. Schoenbauer, Das medizinische Wien, 21947; R. Wagner, C. v. P. His Life and Work, 1968; OeBL.