Central African Republic: Government#
| Country name | conventional long form: Central African Republic conventional short form: none local long form: Republique Centrafricaine local short form: none former: Ubangi-Shari, Central African Empire abbreviation: CAR etymology: self-descriptive name specifying the country's location on the continent; "Africa" is derived from the Roman designation of the area corresponding to present-day Tunisia "Africa terra," which meant "Land of the Afri" (the tribe resident in that area), but which eventually came to mean the entire continent |
|---|---|
| Government type | presidential republic |
| Capital | Bangui
Bangui
geographic coordinates: 4 22 N, 18 35 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) |
| Administrative divisions | 14 prefectures (prefectures, singular - prefecture), 2 economic prefectures* (prefectures economiques, singular - prefecture economique), and 1 commune**; Bamingui-Bangoran, Bangui**, Basse-Kotto, Haute-Kotto, Haut-Mbomou, Kemo, Lobaye, Mambere-Kadei, Mbomou, Nana-Grebizi*, Nana-Mambere, Ombella-Mpoko, Ouaka, Ouham, Ouham-Pende, Sangha-Mbaere*, Vakaga |
| Independence | 13 August 1960 (from France) |
| National holiday | Republic Day, 1 December (1958) |
| Constitution | several previous; latest adopted by referendum in December 2015 (2016) |
| Legal system | civil law system based on the French model |
| International law organization participation | has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction |
| Citizenship | citizenship by birth: no citizenship by descent only: least one parent must be a citizen of the Central African Republic dual citizenship recognized: yes residency requirement for naturalization: 35 years |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal |
| Executive branch | chief of state: President Faustin-Archange TOUADERA (since 30 March 2016) head of government: Prime Minister Simplice SARANDJI (since 2 April 2016) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president elections/appointments: under the new constitution, the president is elected by universal direct sufferage for a period of 5 years renewable for a second term; last election was held 20 February 2016 (next to be held April 2021) election results: First round held on 30 December 2015, percent of vote - Anicet-Georges DOLOGUELE (URCA) 23.7%, Faustin-Archange TOUADERA (independent) 19.1%, Desire KOLINGBA (RDC) 12.0%, Martin ZIGUELE (MLPC) 11.4%, other 33.8%; second round held on 20 February 2016, percent of vote - Faustin-Archange TOUADERA (independent) 62.7%, Anicet-Georges DOLOGUELE (URCA) 37.3% note: rebel forces seized the capital in March 2013, forcing former President BOZIZE to flee the country; Interim President Michel DJOTODIA assumed the presidency, reinstated the prime minister, and established a National Transitional Council (CNT) in April 2013; the NTC elected Catherine SAMBA-PANZA interim president in January 2014 to serve until February 2015 when new elections were to be held; her term was extended because instability delayed new elections and the transition did not take place until the end of March 2016 |
| Legislative branch | description: unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (131 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by absolute majority vote with a second round if needed; members serve 5-year terms) elections: last held February 2016 and 31 March 2016 (next election to be held in 2021) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UNDP 13, URCA 13, RDC 10, MLPC 9, KNK 7, independents 56, other 23 |
| Judicial branch | highest court(s): Supreme Court or Cour Supreme (consists of NA judges); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 judges, at least 3 of whom are women) judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges appointed by the president; Constitutional Court judge appointments - 2 by the president, 1 by the speaker of the National Assembly, 2 elected by their peers, 2 are advocates elected by their peers, and 2 are law professors elected by their peers; judges serve 7-year non-renewable terms subordinate courts: high courts; magistrates' courts |
| Political parties and leaders | Action Party for Development or PAD Alliance for Democracy and Progress or ADP (Clement BELIBANGA) Central African Democratic Rally or RDC (Desire Nzanga KOLINGBA) Movement for Democracy and Development or MDD (Louis PAPENIAH) Movement for the Liberation of the Central African People or MLPC (Martin ZIGUELE) National Convergence (also known as Kwa Na Kwa) or KNK (Francois BOZIZE) National Union for Democracy and Progress or UNDP (Amine MICHEL) New Alliance for Progress or NAP (Jean-Jacques DEMAFOUTH) Social Democratic Party or PSD (Enoch LAKOUE) Union for Central African Renewal or URCA (Anicet-Georges DOLOGUELE) |
| International organization participation | ACP, AfDB, AU, BDEAC, CEMAC, EITI (compliant country) (suspended), FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OIC (observer), OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | chief of mission: Ambassador Stanislas MOUSSA-KEMBE (since 24 August 2009) chancery: 2704 Ontario Road NW, Washington, DC 20009 telephone: (1) (202) 483-7800 FAX: (1) (202) 332-9893 |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | chief of mission: Ambassador Jeffrey HAWKINS (30 October 2015) embassy: Avenue David Dacko, Bangui mailing address: P.O. Box 924, Bangui telephone: (236) 21 61 0200 FAX: (236) 21 61 4494 note: embassy operations suspended in December 2012; resumed limited operations on 15 Septermber 2014 |
| Flag description | four equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, green, and yellow with a vertical red band in center; a yellow five-pointed star to the hoist side of the blue band; banner combines the Pan-African and French flag colors; red symbolizes the blood spilled in the struggle for independence, blue represents the sky and freedom, white peace and dignity, green hope and faith, and yellow tolerance; the star represents aspiration towards a vibrant future |
| National symbol(s) | elephant; national colors: blue, white, green, yellow, red |
| National anthem | name: "Le Renaissance" (The Renaissance) lyrics/music: Barthelemy BOGANDA/Herbert PEPPER note: adopted 1960; Barthelemy BOGANDA wrote the anthem's lyrics and was the first prime minister of the autonomous French territory |