Sudan: People & Society#

Population	36,729,501 (July 2016 est.)
Nationality	noun: Sudanese (singular and plural) adjective: Sudanese
Ethnic groups	Sudanese Arab (approximately 70%), Fur, Beja, Nuba, Fallata
Languages	Arabic (official), English (official), Nubian, Ta Bedawie, Fur
Religions	Sunni Muslim, small Christian minority
Age structure	0-14 years: 39.43% (male 7,351,759/female 7,130,224) 15-24 years: 20.77% (male 3,926,374/female 3,703,826) 25-54 years: 32.42% (male 5,779,482/female 6,129,213) 55-64 years: 4.12% (male 793,848/female 721,075) 65 years and over: 3.25% (male 645,876/female 547,824) (2016 est.)
Dependency ratios	total dependency ratio: 78% youth dependency ratio: 72.1% elderly dependency ratio: 5.9% potential support ratio: 16.9% (2015 est.)
Median age	total: 19.6 years male: 19.4 years female: 19.9 years (2016 est.)
Population growth rate	1.69% (2016 est.)
Birth rate	28.5 births/1,000 population (2016 est.)
Death rate	7.5 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.)
Net migration rate	-4.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.)
Population distribution	with the exception of a ribbon of settlement that corresponds to the banks of the Nile, northern Sudan, which extends into the dry Sahara, is sparsely populated; more abundant vegetation and broader access to water increases population distribution in the south extending habitable range along nearly the entire border with South Sudan; sizeable areas of population are found around Khartoum, southeast between the Blue and White Nile Rivers, and througout South Darfur
Urbanization	urban population: 33.8% of total population (2015) rate of urbanization: 2.54% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
Major urban areas - population	KHARTOUM (capital) 5.129 million (2015)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 0.94 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 1.1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.19 male(s)/female total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2016 est.)
Maternal mortality rate	311 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.)
Infant mortality rate	total: 50.2 deaths/1,000 live births male: 55.4 deaths/1,000 live births female: 44.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.)
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 64.1 years male: 62 years female: 66.3 years (2016 est.)
Total fertility rate	3.68 children born/woman (2016 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rate	9% (2010)
Health expenditures	8.4% of GDP (2014)
Physicians density	0.28 physicians/1,000 population (2008)
Hospital bed density	0.8 beds/1,000 population (2012)
Drinking water source	improved: urban: 66% of population rural: 50.2% of population total: 55.5% of population unimproved: urban: 34% of population rural: 49.8% of population total: 44.5% of population (2012 est.)
Sanitation facility access	improved: urban: 43.9% of population rural: 13.4% of population total: 23.6% of population unimproved: urban: 56.1% of population rural: 86.6% of population total: 76.4% of population (2012 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate	0.25% (2015 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS	55,900 (2015 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths	3,000 (2015 est.)
Major infectious diseases	degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: malaria, dengue fever, and Rift Valley fever water contact disease: schistosomiasis respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis animal contact disease: rabies (2016)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate	6.6% (2014)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight	33% (2014)
Education expenditures	2.2% of GDP (2009)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 75.9% male: 83.3% female: 68.6% (2015 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)	total: 7 years male: 7 years female: 7 years (2013)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24	total: 20% male: 16% female: 32% (2009 est.)