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Cambodia: Economy#

Cambodia has experienced strong economic growth over the last decade; GDP grew at an average annual rate of over 8% between 2000 and 2010 and at least 7% since 2011. The tourism, garment, construction and real estate, and agriculture sectors accounted for the bulk of growth. Around 600,000 people, the majority of whom are women, are employed in the garment and footwear sector. An additional 500,000 Cambodians are employed in the tourism sector, and a further 50,000 people in construction. Tourism has continued to grow rapidly with foreign arrivals exceeding 2 million per year since 2007 and reaching around 4.5 million visitors in 2014. Mining also is attracting some investor interest and the government has touted opportunities for mining bauxite, gold, iron and gems.

Cambodia remains one of the poorest countries in Asia and long-term economic development remains a daunting challenge, inhibited by endemic corruption, limited human resources, high income inequality, and poor job prospects. As of 2012, approximately 2.66 million people live on less than $1.20 per day, and 37% of Cambodian children under the age of 5 suffer from chronic malnutrition. More than 50% of the population is less than 25 years old. The population lacks education and productive skills, particularly in the impoverished countryside, which also lacks basic infrastructure.

The Cambodian Government has been working with bilateral and multilateral donors, including the Asian Development Bank, the World Bank and IMF, to address the country's many pressing needs; more than 30% of the government budget comes from donor assistance. A major economic challenge for Cambodia over the next decade will be fashioning an economic environment in which the private sector can create enough jobs to handle Cambodia's demographic imbalance.

Economic Facts#

GDP (purchasing power parity)$58.94 billion (2016 est.)
$55.09 billion (2015 est.)
$51.47 billion (2014 est.)
note: data are in 2016 dollars
GDP (official exchange rate)$19.37 billion (2015 est.)
GDP - real growth rate7% (2016 est.)
7% (2015 est.)
7.1% (2014 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP)$3,700 (2016 est.)
$3,500 (2015 est.)
$3,400 (2014 est.)
note: data are in 2016 dollars
Gross national saving12.7% of GDP (2016 est.)
11.8% of GDP (2015 est.)
11.1% of GDP (2014 est.)
GDP - composition, by end usehousehold consumption: 78.5%
government consumption: 5.4%
investment in fixed capital: 21%
investment in inventories: 1.6%
exports of goods and services: 64.7%
imports of goods and services: -71.2% (2016 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of originagriculture: 26.7%
industry: 29.8%
services: 43.5% (2016 est.)
Agriculture - productsrice, rubber, corn, vegetables, cashews, cassava (manioc, tapioca), silk
Industriestourism, garments, construction, rice milling, fishing, wood and wood products, rubber, cement, gem mining, textiles
Industrial production growth rate8.3% (2016 est.)
Labor force6.643 million (2016 est.)
Labor force - by occupationagriculture: 48.7%
industry: 19.9%
services: 31.5% (2013 est.)
Unemployment rate0.3% (2013 est.)
0.2% (2012 est.)
note: according to official statistics; underemployment is high
Population below poverty line17.7% (2012 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage sharelowest 10%: 2%
highest 10%: 28% (2013 est.)
Distribution of family income - Gini index37.9 (2008 est.)
41.9 (2004 est.)
Budgetrevenues: $3.388 billion
expenditures: $3.562 billion (2016 est.)
Taxes and other revenues17.5% of GDP (2016 est.)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)-0.9% of GDP (2016 est.)
Public debt33.9% of GDP (2014 est.)
33.4% of GDP (2013 est.)
Fiscal yearcalendar year
Inflation rate (consumer prices)2.8% (2016 est.)
1.2% (2015 est.)
Central bank discount rateNA% (31 December 2012)
5.25% (31 December 2007)
Commercial bank prime lending rate11.8% (31 December 2016 est.)
11.71% (31 December 2015 est.)
Stock of narrow money$1.785 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
$1.602 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
Stock of broad money$14.38 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
$12.12 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
Stock of domestic credit$11.72 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
$9.776 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
Market value of publicly traded shares$NA
Current account balance-$1.969 billion (2016 est.)
-$1.889 billion (2015 est.)
Exports$8.762 billion (2016 est.)
$8.453 billion (2015 est.)
Exports - commoditiesclothing, timber, rubber, rice, fish, tobacco, footwear
Exports - partnersUS 23.1%, UK 8.8%, Germany 8.2%, Japan 7.4%, Canada 6.7%, China 5.1%, Vietnam 5%, Thailand 4.9%, Netherlands 4.1% (2015)
Imports$12.32 billion (2016 est.)
$11.92 billion (2015 est.)
Imports - commoditiespetroleum products, cigarettes, gold, construction materials, machinery, motor vehicles, pharmaceutical products
Imports - partnersThailand 28.7%, China 22.2%, Vietnam 16.4%, Hong Kong 6.1%, Singapore 5.7% (2015)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold$8.477 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
$7.376 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
Debt - external$8.46 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
$7.483 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home$29.17 billion (2014 est.)
Exchange ratesriels (KHR) per US dollar -
4,066 (2016 est.)
4,067.8 (2015 est.)
4,067.8 (2014 est.)
4,037.5 (2013 est.)
4,033 (2012 est.)