Spain: People & Society#
| Population | 48,563,476 (July 2016 est.) |
|---|---|
| Nationality | noun: Spaniard(s) adjective: Spanish |
| Ethnic groups | composite of Mediterranean and Nordic types |
| Languages | Castilian Spanish (official nationwide) 74%, Catalan (official in Catalonia, the Balearic Islands, and the Valencian Community (where it is known as Valencian)) 17%, Galician (official in Galicia) 7%, Basque (official in the Basque Country and in the Basque-speaking area of Navarre) 2%, Aranese (official in the northwest corner of Catalonia (Vall d'Aran) along with Catalan; <5,000 speakers) note: Aragonese, Aranese Asturian, Basque, Calo, Catalan, Galician, and Valencian are recognized as regional languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages |
| Religions | Roman Catholic 94%, other 6% |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 15.43% (male 3,854,687/female 3,638,288) 15-24 years: 9.56% (male 2,400,188/female 2,243,311) 25-54 years: 45.24% (male 11,200,786/female 10,771,652) 55-64 years: 11.91% (male 2,820,933/female 2,963,050) 65 years and over: 17.85% (male 3,700,832/female 4,969,749) (2016 est.) |
| Dependency ratios | total dependency ratio: 50.8% youth dependency ratio: 22.4% elderly dependency ratio: 28.3% potential support ratio: 3.5% (2015 est.) |
| Median age | total: 42.3 years male: 41.2 years female: 43.6 years (2016 est.) |
| Population growth rate | 0.84% (2016 est.) |
| Birth rate | 9.4 births/1,000 population (2016 est.) |
| Death rate | 9.1 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.) |
| Net migration rate | 8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.) |
| Population distribution | with the notable exception of Madrid, Sevilla, and Zaragoza, the largest urban agglomerations are found along the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts; numerous smaller cities are spread throughout the interior reflecting Spain's agrarian heritage; dense settlement is found around the capital of Madrid, as well as the port city of Barcelona |
| Urbanization | urban population: 79.6% of total population (2015) rate of urbanization: 0.52% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.) |
| Major urban areas - population | MADRID (capital) 6.199 million; Barcelona 5.258 million; Valencia 810,000 (2015) |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.74 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2016 est.) |
| Mother's mean age at first birth | 29.8 (2010 est.) |
| Maternal mortality rate | 5 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.) |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 3.3 deaths/1,000 live births male: 3.6 deaths/1,000 live births female: 2.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.) |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 81.7 years male: 78.7 years female: 84.9 years (2016 est.) |
| Total fertility rate | 1.49 children born/woman (2016 est.) |
| Contraceptive prevalence rate | 65.7% (2006) |
| Health expenditures | 9% of GDP (2014) |
| Physicians density | 4.95 physicians/1,000 population (2013) |
| Hospital bed density | 3.1 beds/1,000 population (2011) |
| Drinking water source | improved: urban: 100% of population rural: 100% of population total: 100% of population unimproved: urban: 0% of population rural: 0% of population total: 0% of population (2015 est.) |
| Sanitation facility access | improved: urban: 99.8% of population rural: 100% of population total: 99.9% of population unimproved: urban: 0.2% of population rural: 0% of population total: 0.1% of population (2015 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate | 0.39% (2015 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS | 148,900 (2015 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - deaths | 1,200 (2015 est.) |
| Obesity - adult prevalence rate | 26.5% (2014) |
| Education expenditures | 4.3% of GDP (2013) |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 98.1% male: 98.7% female: 97.5% (2015 est.) |
| School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) | total: 18 years male: 17 years female: 18 years (2014) |
| Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 | total: 53.2% male: 53.4% female: 52.9% (2014 est.) |