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Puerto Rico: People & Society#

Population3,578,056 (July 2016 est.)
Nationalitynoun: Puerto Rican(s) (US citizens)
adjective: Puerto Rican
Ethnic groupswhite 75.8%, black/African American 12.4%, other 8.5% (includes American Indian, Alaskan Native, Native Hawaiian, other Pacific Islander, and others), mixed 3.3%
note: 99% of the population is Latino (2010 est.)
LanguagesSpanish, English
ReligionsRoman Catholic 85%, Protestant and other 15%
Age structure0-14 years: 17.4% (male 317,875/female 304,601)
15-24 years: 14.11% (male 258,956/female 245,801)
25-54 years: 38.32% (male 657,713/female 713,511)
55-64 years: 12.19% (male 197,379/female 238,725)
65 years and over: 17.98% (male 276,608/female 366,887) (2016 est.)
Dependency ratiostotal dependency ratio: 50%
youth dependency ratio: 28.3%
elderly dependency ratio: 21.7%
potential support ratio: 4.6% (2015 est.)
Median agetotal: 39.5 years
male: 37.5 years
female: 41.4 years (2016 est.)
Population growth rate-0.54% (2016 est.)
Birth rate10.8 births/1,000 population (2016 est.)
Death rate8.8 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.)
Net migration rate-7.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.)
Population distributionpopulation clusters tend to be found along the coast, the largest of these is found in and around San Juan; an exception to this is a sizeable population located in the interior of the island immediately south of the capital around Caguas; most of the interior, particularly in the western half of the island, is dominated by the Cordillera Central mountains, where population density is light
Urbanizationurban population: 93.6% of total population (2015)
rate of urbanization: -0.21% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
Major urban areas - populationSAN JUAN (capital) 2.463 million (2015)
Sex ratioat birth: 1.02 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 0.92 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.83 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female
total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2016 est.)
Maternal mortality rate14 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.)
Infant mortality ratetotal: 7.4 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 8.2 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 6.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.)
Life expectancy at birthtotal population: 79.4 years
male: 75.8 years
female: 83.1 years (2016 est.)
Total fertility rate1.64 children born/woman (2016 est.)
Drinking water sourceimproved:
urban: 93.6% of population
rural: 93.6% of population
total: 93.6% of population
unimproved:
urban: 6.4% of population
rural: 6.4% of population
total: 6.4% of population (2001 est.)
Sanitation facility accessimproved:
urban: 99.3% of population
rural: 99.3% of population
total: 99.3% of population
unimproved:
urban: 0.7% of population
rural: 0.7% of population
total: 0.7% of population (2015 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rateNA
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDSNA
HIV/AIDS - deathsNA
Major infectious diseases
note: active local transmission of Zika virus by Aedes species mosquitoes has been identified in this country (as of August 2016); it poses an important risk (a large number of cases possible) among US citizens if bitten by an infective mosquito; other less common ways to get Zika are through sex, via blood transfusion, or during pregnancy, in which the pregnant woman passes Zika virus to her fetus (2016)
Education expenditures6.4% of GDP (2013)
Literacydefinition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 93.3%
male: 92.8%
female: 93.8% (2015 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)total: 15 years
male: 14 years
female: 15 years (2013)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24total: 26.6%
male: 28.9%
female: 23.1% (2012 est.)