Seite - 36 - in The Complete Aristotle
Bild der Seite - 36 -
Text der Seite - 36 -
A sentence is a significant portion of speech, some parts of which have an
independent meaning, that is to say, as an utterance, though not as the
expression of any positive judgement. Let me explain. The word âhumanâ has
meaning, but does not constitute a proposition, either positive or negative. It
is only when other words are added that the whole will form an affirmation or
denial. But if we separate one syllable of the word âhumanâ from the other, it
has no meaning; similarly in the word âmouseâ, the part âouseâ has no
meaning in itself, but is merely a sound. In composite words, indeed, the parts
contribute to the meaning of the whole; yet, as has been pointed out, they
have not an independent meaning.
Every sentence has meaning, not as being the natural means by which a
physical faculty is realized, but, as we have said, by convention. Yet every
sentence is not a proposition; only such are propositions as have in them
either truth or falsity. Thus a prayer is a sentence, but is neither true nor false.
Let us therefore dismiss all other types of sentence but the proposition, for
this last concerns our present inquiry, whereas the investigation of the others
belongs rather to the study of rhetoric or of poetry.
5
The first class of simple propositions is the simple affirmation, the next, the
simple denial; all others are only one by conjunction.
Every proposition must contain a verb or the tense of a verb. The phrase
which defines the species âmanâ, if no verb in present, past, or future time be
added, is not a proposition. It may be asked how the expression âa footed
animal with two feetâ can be called single; for it is not the circumstance that
the words follow in unbroken succession that effects the unity. This inquiry,
however, finds its place in an investigation foreign to that before us.
We call those propositions single which indicate a single fact, or the
conjunction of the parts of which results in unity: those propositions, on the
other hand, are separate and many in number, which indicate many facts, or
whose parts have no conjunction.
Let us, moreover, consent to call a noun or a verb an expression only, and
not a proposition, since it is not possible for a man to speak in this way when
he is expressing something, in such a way as to make a statement, whether his
utterance is an answer to a question or an act of his own initiation.
To return: of propositions one kind is simple, i.e. that which asserts or
denies something of something, the other composite, i.e. that which is
compounded of simple propositions. A simple proposition is a statement, with
36
zurĂŒck zum
Buch The Complete Aristotle"
The Complete Aristotle
- Titel
- The Complete Aristotle
- Autor
- Aristotle
- Datum
- ~322 B.C.
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- PD
- Abmessungen
- 21.0 x 29.7 cm
- Seiten
- 2328
- Schlagwörter
- Philosophy, Antique, Philosophie, Antike, Dialogues, Metaphysik, Metaphysics, Ideologie, Ideology, Englisch
- Kategorien
- Geisteswissenschaften
- International
Inhaltsverzeichnis
- Part 1; Logic (Organon) 3
- Categories 4
- On Interpretation 34
- Prior Analytics, Book I 56
- Prior Analytics, Book II 113
- Posterior Analytics, Book I 149
- Posterior Analytics, Book II 193
- Topics, Book I 218
- Topics, Book II 221
- Topics, Book III 237
- Topics, Book IV 248
- Topics, Book V 266
- Topics, Book VI 291
- Topics, Book VII 317
- Topics, Book VIII 326
- On Sophistical Refutations 348
- Part 2; Universal Physics 396
- Physics, Book I 397
- Physics, Book II 415
- Physics, Book III 432
- Physics, Book IV 449
- Physics, Book V 481
- Physics, Book VI 496
- Physics, Book VII 519
- Physics, Book VIII 533
- On the Heavens, Book I 570
- On the Heavens, Book II 599
- On the Heavens, Book III 624
- On the Heavens, Book IV 640
- On Generation and Corruption, Book I 651
- On Generation and Corruption, Book II 685
- Meteorology, Book I 707
- Meteorology, Book II 733
- Meteorology, Book III 760
- Meteorology, Book IV 773
- Part 3; Human Physics 795
- On the Soul, Book I 796
- On the Soul, Book II 815
- On the Soul, Book III 840
- On Sense and the Sensible 861
- On Memory and Reminiscence 889
- On Sleep and Sleeplessness 899
- On Dreams 909
- On Prophesying by Dreams 918
- On Longevity and the Shortness of Life 923
- On Youth, Old Age, Life and Death, and Respiration 929
- Part 4; Animal Physics 952
- The History of Animals, Book I 953
- The History of Animals, Book II translated 977
- The History of Animals, Book III 1000
- The History of Animals, Book IV 1029
- The History of Animals, Book V 1056
- The History of Animals, Book VI 1094
- The History of Animals, Book VII 1135
- The History of Animals, Book VIII 1150
- The History of Animals, Book IX 1186
- On the Parts of Animals, Book I 1234
- On the Parts of Animals, Book II 1249
- On the Parts of Animals, Book III 1281
- On the Parts of Animals, Book IV 1311
- On the Motion of Animals 1351
- On the Gait of Animals 1363
- On the Generation of Animals, Book I 1381
- On the Generation of Animals, Book II 1412
- On the Generation of Animals, Book III 1444
- On the Generation of Animals, Book IV 1469
- On the Generation of Animals, Book V 1496
- Part 5; Metaphysics 1516
- Part 6; Ethics and Politics 1748
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book I 1749
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book II 1766
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book III 1779
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book IV 1799
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book V 1817
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VI 1836
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VII 1851
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VIII 1872
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book IX 1890
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book X 1907
- Politics, Book I 1925
- Politics, Book II 1943
- Politics, Book III 1970
- Politics, Book IV 1997
- Politics, Book V 2023
- Politics, Book VI 2053
- Politics, Book VII 2065
- Politics, Book VIII 2091
- The Athenian Constitution 2102
- Part 7; Aesthetic Writings 2156