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dieting; or they may be both of them ends, as the science of contraries is said
to be the same (for of contraries the one is no more an end than the other); or
again they may be an essential and an accidental attribute, as (e.g.) the
essential fact that the triangle has its angles equal to two right angles, and the
accidental fact that the equilateral figure has them so: for it is because of the
accident of the equilateral triangle happening to be a triangle that we know
that it has its angles equal to two right angles. If, then, it is not possible in any
sense of the term that the science of many things should be the same, it
clearly is altogether impossible that it should be so; or, if it is possible in some
sense, then clearly it is possible. Distinguish as many meanings as are
required: e.g. if we want to establish a view, we should bring forward all such
meanings as admit that view and should divide them only into those meanings
which also are required for the establishment of our case: whereas if we want
to overthrow a view, we should bring forward all that do not admit that view,
and leave the rest aside. We must deal also in these cases as well with any
uncertainty about the number of meanings involved. Further, that one thing is,
or is not, âofâ another should be established by means of the same
commonplace rules; e.g. that a particular science is of a particular thing,
treated either as an end or as a means to its end, or as accidentally connected
with it; or again that it is not âofâ it in any of the aforesaid ways. The same
rule holds true also of desire and all other terms that have more than one
object. For the âdesire of Xâ may mean the desire of it as an end (e.g. the
desire of health) or as a means to an end (e.g. the desire of being doctored), or
as a thing desired accidentally, as, in the case of wine, the sweet-toothed
person desires it not because it is wine but because it is sweet. For essentially
he desires the sweet, and only accidentally the wine: for if it be dry, he no
longer desires it. His desire for it is therefore accidental. This rule is useful in
dealing with relative terms: for cases of this kind are generally cases of
relative terms.
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Moreover, it is well to alter a term into one more familiar, e.g. to substitute
âclearâ for âexactâ in describing a conception, and âbeing fussyâ for âbeing
busyâ: for when the expression is made more familiar, the thesis becomes
easier to attack. This commonplace rule also is available for both purposes
alike, both for establishing and for overthrowing a view.
In order to show that contrary attributes belong to the same thing, look at
225
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Buch The Complete Aristotle"
The Complete Aristotle
- Titel
- The Complete Aristotle
- Autor
- Aristotle
- Datum
- ~322 B.C.
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- PD
- Abmessungen
- 21.0 x 29.7 cm
- Seiten
- 2328
- Schlagwörter
- Philosophy, Antique, Philosophie, Antike, Dialogues, Metaphysik, Metaphysics, Ideologie, Ideology, Englisch
- Kategorien
- Geisteswissenschaften
- International
Inhaltsverzeichnis
- Part 1; Logic (Organon) 3
- Categories 4
- On Interpretation 34
- Prior Analytics, Book I 56
- Prior Analytics, Book II 113
- Posterior Analytics, Book I 149
- Posterior Analytics, Book II 193
- Topics, Book I 218
- Topics, Book II 221
- Topics, Book III 237
- Topics, Book IV 248
- Topics, Book V 266
- Topics, Book VI 291
- Topics, Book VII 317
- Topics, Book VIII 326
- On Sophistical Refutations 348
- Part 2; Universal Physics 396
- Physics, Book I 397
- Physics, Book II 415
- Physics, Book III 432
- Physics, Book IV 449
- Physics, Book V 481
- Physics, Book VI 496
- Physics, Book VII 519
- Physics, Book VIII 533
- On the Heavens, Book I 570
- On the Heavens, Book II 599
- On the Heavens, Book III 624
- On the Heavens, Book IV 640
- On Generation and Corruption, Book I 651
- On Generation and Corruption, Book II 685
- Meteorology, Book I 707
- Meteorology, Book II 733
- Meteorology, Book III 760
- Meteorology, Book IV 773
- Part 3; Human Physics 795
- On the Soul, Book I 796
- On the Soul, Book II 815
- On the Soul, Book III 840
- On Sense and the Sensible 861
- On Memory and Reminiscence 889
- On Sleep and Sleeplessness 899
- On Dreams 909
- On Prophesying by Dreams 918
- On Longevity and the Shortness of Life 923
- On Youth, Old Age, Life and Death, and Respiration 929
- Part 4; Animal Physics 952
- The History of Animals, Book I 953
- The History of Animals, Book II translated 977
- The History of Animals, Book III 1000
- The History of Animals, Book IV 1029
- The History of Animals, Book V 1056
- The History of Animals, Book VI 1094
- The History of Animals, Book VII 1135
- The History of Animals, Book VIII 1150
- The History of Animals, Book IX 1186
- On the Parts of Animals, Book I 1234
- On the Parts of Animals, Book II 1249
- On the Parts of Animals, Book III 1281
- On the Parts of Animals, Book IV 1311
- On the Motion of Animals 1351
- On the Gait of Animals 1363
- On the Generation of Animals, Book I 1381
- On the Generation of Animals, Book II 1412
- On the Generation of Animals, Book III 1444
- On the Generation of Animals, Book IV 1469
- On the Generation of Animals, Book V 1496
- Part 5; Metaphysics 1516
- Part 6; Ethics and Politics 1748
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book I 1749
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book II 1766
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book III 1779
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book IV 1799
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book V 1817
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VI 1836
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VII 1851
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VIII 1872
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book IX 1890
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book X 1907
- Politics, Book I 1925
- Politics, Book II 1943
- Politics, Book III 1970
- Politics, Book IV 1997
- Politics, Book V 2023
- Politics, Book VI 2053
- Politics, Book VII 2065
- Politics, Book VIII 2091
- The Athenian Constitution 2102
- Part 7; Aesthetic Writings 2156