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what is and what is not are objects of opinion, so that âobject of opinionâ
could not be a species of being: for the genus is always of wider denotation
than the species. Again, see if the species and its genus have an equal
denotation; suppose, for instance, that of the attributes which go with
everything, one were to be stated as a species and the other as its genus, as for
example Being and Unity: for everything has being and unity, so that neither
is the genus of the other, since their denotation is equal. Likewise, also, if the
âfirstâ of a series and the âbeginningâ were to be placed one under the other:
for the beginning is first and the first is the beginning, so that either both
expressions are identical or at any rate neither is the genus of the other. The
elementary principle in regard to all such cases is that the genus has a wider
denotation than the species and its differentia: for the differentia as well has a
narrower denotation than the genus.
See also whether the genus mentioned fails, or might be generally thought
to fail, to apply to some object which is not specifically different from the
thing in question; or, if your argument be constructive, whether it does so
apply. For all things that are not specifically different have the same genus. If,
therefore, it be shown to apply to one, then clearly it applies to all, and if it
fails to apply to one, clearly it fails to apply to any; e.g. if any one who
assumes âindivisible linesâ were to say that the âindivisibleâ is their genus. For
the aforesaid term is not the genus of divisible lines, and these do not differ as
regards their species from indivisible: for straight lines are never different
from each other as regards their species.
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Look and see, also, if there be any other genus of the given species which
neither embraces the genus rendered nor yet falls under it, e.g. suppose any
one were to lay down that âknowledgeâ is the genus of justice. For virtue is its
genus as well, and neither of these genera embraces the remaining one, so that
knowledge could not be the genus of justice: for it is generally accepted that
whenever one species falls under two genera, the one is embraced by the
other. Yet a principle of this kind gives rise to a difficulty in some cases. For
some people hold that prudence is both virtue and knowledge, and that neither
of its genera is embraced by the other: although certainly not everybody
admits that prudence is knowledge. If, however, any one were to admit the
truth of this assertion, yet it would still be generally agreed to be necessary
that the genera of the same object must at any rate be subordinate either the
250
zurĂŒck zum
Buch The Complete Aristotle"
The Complete Aristotle
- Titel
- The Complete Aristotle
- Autor
- Aristotle
- Datum
- ~322 B.C.
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- PD
- Abmessungen
- 21.0 x 29.7 cm
- Seiten
- 2328
- Schlagwörter
- Philosophy, Antique, Philosophie, Antike, Dialogues, Metaphysik, Metaphysics, Ideologie, Ideology, Englisch
- Kategorien
- Geisteswissenschaften
- International
Inhaltsverzeichnis
- Part 1; Logic (Organon) 3
- Categories 4
- On Interpretation 34
- Prior Analytics, Book I 56
- Prior Analytics, Book II 113
- Posterior Analytics, Book I 149
- Posterior Analytics, Book II 193
- Topics, Book I 218
- Topics, Book II 221
- Topics, Book III 237
- Topics, Book IV 248
- Topics, Book V 266
- Topics, Book VI 291
- Topics, Book VII 317
- Topics, Book VIII 326
- On Sophistical Refutations 348
- Part 2; Universal Physics 396
- Physics, Book I 397
- Physics, Book II 415
- Physics, Book III 432
- Physics, Book IV 449
- Physics, Book V 481
- Physics, Book VI 496
- Physics, Book VII 519
- Physics, Book VIII 533
- On the Heavens, Book I 570
- On the Heavens, Book II 599
- On the Heavens, Book III 624
- On the Heavens, Book IV 640
- On Generation and Corruption, Book I 651
- On Generation and Corruption, Book II 685
- Meteorology, Book I 707
- Meteorology, Book II 733
- Meteorology, Book III 760
- Meteorology, Book IV 773
- Part 3; Human Physics 795
- On the Soul, Book I 796
- On the Soul, Book II 815
- On the Soul, Book III 840
- On Sense and the Sensible 861
- On Memory and Reminiscence 889
- On Sleep and Sleeplessness 899
- On Dreams 909
- On Prophesying by Dreams 918
- On Longevity and the Shortness of Life 923
- On Youth, Old Age, Life and Death, and Respiration 929
- Part 4; Animal Physics 952
- The History of Animals, Book I 953
- The History of Animals, Book II translated 977
- The History of Animals, Book III 1000
- The History of Animals, Book IV 1029
- The History of Animals, Book V 1056
- The History of Animals, Book VI 1094
- The History of Animals, Book VII 1135
- The History of Animals, Book VIII 1150
- The History of Animals, Book IX 1186
- On the Parts of Animals, Book I 1234
- On the Parts of Animals, Book II 1249
- On the Parts of Animals, Book III 1281
- On the Parts of Animals, Book IV 1311
- On the Motion of Animals 1351
- On the Gait of Animals 1363
- On the Generation of Animals, Book I 1381
- On the Generation of Animals, Book II 1412
- On the Generation of Animals, Book III 1444
- On the Generation of Animals, Book IV 1469
- On the Generation of Animals, Book V 1496
- Part 5; Metaphysics 1516
- Part 6; Ethics and Politics 1748
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book I 1749
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book II 1766
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book III 1779
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book IV 1799
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book V 1817
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VI 1836
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VII 1851
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VIII 1872
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book IX 1890
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book X 1907
- Politics, Book I 1925
- Politics, Book II 1943
- Politics, Book III 1970
- Politics, Book IV 1997
- Politics, Book V 2023
- Politics, Book VI 2053
- Politics, Book VII 2065
- Politics, Book VIII 2091
- The Athenian Constitution 2102
- Part 7; Aesthetic Writings 2156