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the âactingâ thing too: for the âmoverâ is said to âactâ (in a sense) and the
âactingâ thing to âimpart motionâ. Nevertheless there is a difference and we
must draw a distinction. For not every âmoverâ can âactâ, if (a) the term
âagentâ is to be used in contrast to âpatientâ and (b) âpatientâ is to be applied
only to those things whose motion is a âqualitative affectionâ-i.e. a quality,
like whiteâ or âhotâ, in respect to which they are movedâ only in the sense that
they are âalteredâ: on the contrary, to âimpart motionâ is a wider term than to
âactâ. Still, so much, at any rate, is clear: the things which are âsuch as to
impart motionâ, if that description be interpreted in one sense, will touch the
things which are âsuch as to be moved by themâ-while they will not touch
them, if the description be interpreted in a different sense. But the disjunctive
definition of âtouchingâ must include and distinguish (a) âcontact in generalâ
as the relation between two things which, having position, are such that one is
able to impart motion and the other to be moved, and (b) âreciprocal contactâ
as the relation between two things, one able to impart motion and the other
able to be moved in such a way that âaction and passionâ are predicable of
them.
As a rule, no doubt, if A touches B, B touches A. For indeed practically all
the âmoversâ within our ordinary experience impart motion by being moved:
in their case, what touches inevitably must, and also evidently does, touch
something which reciprocally touches it. Yet, if A moves B, it is possible-as
we sometimes express it-for A âmerely to touchâ B, and that which touches
need not touch a something which touches it. Nevertheless it is commonly
supposed that âtouchingâ must be reciprocal. The reason of this belief is that
âmoversâ which belong to the same kind as the âmovedâ impart motion by
being moved. Hence if anything imparts motion without itself being moved, it
may touch the âmovedâ and yet itself be touched by nothing-for we say
sometimes that the man who grieves us âtouchesâ us, but not that we âtouchâ
him.
The account just given may serve to distinguish and define the âcontactâ
which occurs in the things of Nature.
<
div class=âsectionâ title=â7â>
7
Next in order we must discuss âactionâ and âpassionâ. The traditional
theories on the subject are conflicting. For (i) most thinkers are unanimous in
maintaining (a) that âlikeâ is always unaffected by âlikeâ, because (as they
argue) neither of two âlikesâ is more apt than the other either to act or to suffer
672
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Buch The Complete Aristotle"
The Complete Aristotle
- Titel
- The Complete Aristotle
- Autor
- Aristotle
- Datum
- ~322 B.C.
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- PD
- Abmessungen
- 21.0 x 29.7 cm
- Seiten
- 2328
- Schlagwörter
- Philosophy, Antique, Philosophie, Antike, Dialogues, Metaphysik, Metaphysics, Ideologie, Ideology, Englisch
- Kategorien
- Geisteswissenschaften
- International
Inhaltsverzeichnis
- Part 1; Logic (Organon) 3
- Categories 4
- On Interpretation 34
- Prior Analytics, Book I 56
- Prior Analytics, Book II 113
- Posterior Analytics, Book I 149
- Posterior Analytics, Book II 193
- Topics, Book I 218
- Topics, Book II 221
- Topics, Book III 237
- Topics, Book IV 248
- Topics, Book V 266
- Topics, Book VI 291
- Topics, Book VII 317
- Topics, Book VIII 326
- On Sophistical Refutations 348
- Part 2; Universal Physics 396
- Physics, Book I 397
- Physics, Book II 415
- Physics, Book III 432
- Physics, Book IV 449
- Physics, Book V 481
- Physics, Book VI 496
- Physics, Book VII 519
- Physics, Book VIII 533
- On the Heavens, Book I 570
- On the Heavens, Book II 599
- On the Heavens, Book III 624
- On the Heavens, Book IV 640
- On Generation and Corruption, Book I 651
- On Generation and Corruption, Book II 685
- Meteorology, Book I 707
- Meteorology, Book II 733
- Meteorology, Book III 760
- Meteorology, Book IV 773
- Part 3; Human Physics 795
- On the Soul, Book I 796
- On the Soul, Book II 815
- On the Soul, Book III 840
- On Sense and the Sensible 861
- On Memory and Reminiscence 889
- On Sleep and Sleeplessness 899
- On Dreams 909
- On Prophesying by Dreams 918
- On Longevity and the Shortness of Life 923
- On Youth, Old Age, Life and Death, and Respiration 929
- Part 4; Animal Physics 952
- The History of Animals, Book I 953
- The History of Animals, Book II translated 977
- The History of Animals, Book III 1000
- The History of Animals, Book IV 1029
- The History of Animals, Book V 1056
- The History of Animals, Book VI 1094
- The History of Animals, Book VII 1135
- The History of Animals, Book VIII 1150
- The History of Animals, Book IX 1186
- On the Parts of Animals, Book I 1234
- On the Parts of Animals, Book II 1249
- On the Parts of Animals, Book III 1281
- On the Parts of Animals, Book IV 1311
- On the Motion of Animals 1351
- On the Gait of Animals 1363
- On the Generation of Animals, Book I 1381
- On the Generation of Animals, Book II 1412
- On the Generation of Animals, Book III 1444
- On the Generation of Animals, Book IV 1469
- On the Generation of Animals, Book V 1496
- Part 5; Metaphysics 1516
- Part 6; Ethics and Politics 1748
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book I 1749
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book II 1766
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book III 1779
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book IV 1799
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book V 1817
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VI 1836
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VII 1851
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VIII 1872
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book IX 1890
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book X 1907
- Politics, Book I 1925
- Politics, Book II 1943
- Politics, Book III 1970
- Politics, Book IV 1997
- Politics, Book V 2023
- Politics, Book VI 2053
- Politics, Book VII 2065
- Politics, Book VIII 2091
- The Athenian Constitution 2102
- Part 7; Aesthetic Writings 2156