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but shut it in. So in their struggle with one another the wind caused the
earthquake, and the wave by its settling down the inundation.
Earthquakes are local and often affect a small district only; whereas winds
are not local. Such phenomena are local when the evaporations at a given
place are joined by those from the next and unite; this, as we explained, is
what happens when there is drought or excessive rain locally. Now
earthquakes do come about in this way but winds do not. For earthquakes,
rains, and droughts have their source and origin inside the earth, so that the
sun is not equally able to direct all the evaporations in one direction. But on
the evaporations in the air the sun has more influence so that, when once they
have been given an impulse by its motion, which is determined by its various
positions, they flow in one direction.
When the wind is present in sufficient quantity there is an earthquake. The
shocks are horizontal like a tremor; except occasionally, in a few places,
where they act vertically, upwards from below, like a throbbing. It is the
vertical direction which makes this kind of earthquake so rare. The motive
force does not easily accumulate in great quantity in the position required,
since the surface of the earth secretes far more of the evaporation than its
depths. Wherever an earthquake of this kind does occur a quantity of stones
comes to the surface of the earth (as when you throw up things in a
winnowing fan), as we see from Sipylus and the Phlegraean plain and the
district in Liguria, which were devastated by this kind of earthquake.
Islands in the middle of the sea are less exposed to earthquakes than those
near land. First, the volume of the sea cools the evaporations and overpowers
them by its weight and so crushes them. Then, currents and not shocks are
produced in the sea by the action of the winds. Again, it is so extensive that
evaporations do not collect in it but issue from it, and these draw the
evaporations from the earth after them. Islands near the continent really form
part of it: the intervening sea is not enough to make any difference; but those
in the open sea can only be shaken if the whole of the sea that surrounds them
is shaken too.
We have now explained earthquakes, their nature and cause, and the most
important of the circumstances attendant on their appearance.
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9
Let us go on to explain lightning and thunder, and further whirlwind, fire-
757
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Buch The Complete Aristotle"
The Complete Aristotle
- Titel
- The Complete Aristotle
- Autor
- Aristotle
- Datum
- ~322 B.C.
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- PD
- Abmessungen
- 21.0 x 29.7 cm
- Seiten
- 2328
- Schlagwörter
- Philosophy, Antique, Philosophie, Antike, Dialogues, Metaphysik, Metaphysics, Ideologie, Ideology, Englisch
- Kategorien
- Geisteswissenschaften
- International
Inhaltsverzeichnis
- Part 1; Logic (Organon) 3
- Categories 4
- On Interpretation 34
- Prior Analytics, Book I 56
- Prior Analytics, Book II 113
- Posterior Analytics, Book I 149
- Posterior Analytics, Book II 193
- Topics, Book I 218
- Topics, Book II 221
- Topics, Book III 237
- Topics, Book IV 248
- Topics, Book V 266
- Topics, Book VI 291
- Topics, Book VII 317
- Topics, Book VIII 326
- On Sophistical Refutations 348
- Part 2; Universal Physics 396
- Physics, Book I 397
- Physics, Book II 415
- Physics, Book III 432
- Physics, Book IV 449
- Physics, Book V 481
- Physics, Book VI 496
- Physics, Book VII 519
- Physics, Book VIII 533
- On the Heavens, Book I 570
- On the Heavens, Book II 599
- On the Heavens, Book III 624
- On the Heavens, Book IV 640
- On Generation and Corruption, Book I 651
- On Generation and Corruption, Book II 685
- Meteorology, Book I 707
- Meteorology, Book II 733
- Meteorology, Book III 760
- Meteorology, Book IV 773
- Part 3; Human Physics 795
- On the Soul, Book I 796
- On the Soul, Book II 815
- On the Soul, Book III 840
- On Sense and the Sensible 861
- On Memory and Reminiscence 889
- On Sleep and Sleeplessness 899
- On Dreams 909
- On Prophesying by Dreams 918
- On Longevity and the Shortness of Life 923
- On Youth, Old Age, Life and Death, and Respiration 929
- Part 4; Animal Physics 952
- The History of Animals, Book I 953
- The History of Animals, Book II translated 977
- The History of Animals, Book III 1000
- The History of Animals, Book IV 1029
- The History of Animals, Book V 1056
- The History of Animals, Book VI 1094
- The History of Animals, Book VII 1135
- The History of Animals, Book VIII 1150
- The History of Animals, Book IX 1186
- On the Parts of Animals, Book I 1234
- On the Parts of Animals, Book II 1249
- On the Parts of Animals, Book III 1281
- On the Parts of Animals, Book IV 1311
- On the Motion of Animals 1351
- On the Gait of Animals 1363
- On the Generation of Animals, Book I 1381
- On the Generation of Animals, Book II 1412
- On the Generation of Animals, Book III 1444
- On the Generation of Animals, Book IV 1469
- On the Generation of Animals, Book V 1496
- Part 5; Metaphysics 1516
- Part 6; Ethics and Politics 1748
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book I 1749
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book II 1766
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book III 1779
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book IV 1799
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book V 1817
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VI 1836
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VII 1851
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VIII 1872
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book IX 1890
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book X 1907
- Politics, Book I 1925
- Politics, Book II 1943
- Politics, Book III 1970
- Politics, Book IV 1997
- Politics, Book V 2023
- Politics, Book VI 2053
- Politics, Book VII 2065
- Politics, Book VIII 2091
- The Athenian Constitution 2102
- Part 7; Aesthetic Writings 2156