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Since in every class of things, as in nature as a whole, we find two factors
involved, (1) a matter which is potentially all the particulars included in the
class, (2) a cause which is productive in the sense that it makes them all (the
latter standing to the former, as e.g. an art to its material), these distinct
elements must likewise be found within the soul.
And in fact mind as we have described it is what it is what it is by virtue of
becoming all things, while there is another which is what it is by virtue of
making all things: this is a sort of positive state like light; for in a sense light
makes potential colours into actual colours.
Mind in this sense of it is separable, impassible, unmixed, since it is in its
essential nature activity (for always the active is superior to the passive factor,
the originating force to the matter which it forms).
Actual knowledge is identical with its object: in the individual, potential
knowledge is in time prior to actual knowledge, but in the universe as a whole
it is not prior even in time. Mind is not at one time knowing and at another
not. When mind is set free from its present conditions it appears as just what
it is and nothing more: this alone is immortal and eternal (we do not, however,
remember its former activity because, while mind in this sense is impassible,
mind as passive is destructible), and without it nothing thinks.
6
The thinking then of the simple objects of thought is found in those cases
where falsehood is impossible: where the alternative of true or false applies,
there we always find a putting together of objects of thought in a quasi-unity.
As Empedocles said that âwhere heads of many a creature sprouted without
necksâ they afterwards by Loveâs power were combined, so here too objects
of thought which were given separate are combined, e.g. âincommensurateâ
and âdiagonalâ: if the combination be of objects past or future the combination
of thought includes in its content the date. For falsehood always involves a
synthesis; for even if you assert that what is white is not white you have
included not white in a synthesis. It is possible also to call all these cases
division as well as combination. However that may be, there is not only the
true or false assertion that Cleon is white but also the true or false assertion
that he was or will he white. In each and every case that which unifies is
mind.
Since the word âsimpleâ has two senses, i.e. may mean either (a) ânot
capable of being dividedâ or (b) ânot actually dividedâ, there is nothing to
prevent mind from knowing what is undivided, e.g. when it apprehends a
length (which is actually undivided) and that in an undivided time; for the
850
zurĂŒck zum
Buch The Complete Aristotle"
The Complete Aristotle
- Titel
- The Complete Aristotle
- Autor
- Aristotle
- Datum
- ~322 B.C.
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- PD
- Abmessungen
- 21.0 x 29.7 cm
- Seiten
- 2328
- Schlagwörter
- Philosophy, Antique, Philosophie, Antike, Dialogues, Metaphysik, Metaphysics, Ideologie, Ideology, Englisch
- Kategorien
- Geisteswissenschaften
- International
Inhaltsverzeichnis
- Part 1; Logic (Organon) 3
- Categories 4
- On Interpretation 34
- Prior Analytics, Book I 56
- Prior Analytics, Book II 113
- Posterior Analytics, Book I 149
- Posterior Analytics, Book II 193
- Topics, Book I 218
- Topics, Book II 221
- Topics, Book III 237
- Topics, Book IV 248
- Topics, Book V 266
- Topics, Book VI 291
- Topics, Book VII 317
- Topics, Book VIII 326
- On Sophistical Refutations 348
- Part 2; Universal Physics 396
- Physics, Book I 397
- Physics, Book II 415
- Physics, Book III 432
- Physics, Book IV 449
- Physics, Book V 481
- Physics, Book VI 496
- Physics, Book VII 519
- Physics, Book VIII 533
- On the Heavens, Book I 570
- On the Heavens, Book II 599
- On the Heavens, Book III 624
- On the Heavens, Book IV 640
- On Generation and Corruption, Book I 651
- On Generation and Corruption, Book II 685
- Meteorology, Book I 707
- Meteorology, Book II 733
- Meteorology, Book III 760
- Meteorology, Book IV 773
- Part 3; Human Physics 795
- On the Soul, Book I 796
- On the Soul, Book II 815
- On the Soul, Book III 840
- On Sense and the Sensible 861
- On Memory and Reminiscence 889
- On Sleep and Sleeplessness 899
- On Dreams 909
- On Prophesying by Dreams 918
- On Longevity and the Shortness of Life 923
- On Youth, Old Age, Life and Death, and Respiration 929
- Part 4; Animal Physics 952
- The History of Animals, Book I 953
- The History of Animals, Book II translated 977
- The History of Animals, Book III 1000
- The History of Animals, Book IV 1029
- The History of Animals, Book V 1056
- The History of Animals, Book VI 1094
- The History of Animals, Book VII 1135
- The History of Animals, Book VIII 1150
- The History of Animals, Book IX 1186
- On the Parts of Animals, Book I 1234
- On the Parts of Animals, Book II 1249
- On the Parts of Animals, Book III 1281
- On the Parts of Animals, Book IV 1311
- On the Motion of Animals 1351
- On the Gait of Animals 1363
- On the Generation of Animals, Book I 1381
- On the Generation of Animals, Book II 1412
- On the Generation of Animals, Book III 1444
- On the Generation of Animals, Book IV 1469
- On the Generation of Animals, Book V 1496
- Part 5; Metaphysics 1516
- Part 6; Ethics and Politics 1748
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book I 1749
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book II 1766
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book III 1779
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book IV 1799
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book V 1817
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VI 1836
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VII 1851
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VIII 1872
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book IX 1890
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book X 1907
- Politics, Book I 1925
- Politics, Book II 1943
- Politics, Book III 1970
- Politics, Book IV 1997
- Politics, Book V 2023
- Politics, Book VI 2053
- Politics, Book VII 2065
- Politics, Book VIII 2091
- The Athenian Constitution 2102
- Part 7; Aesthetic Writings 2156