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the way in which this semen actually comes into being from the male and
female. For it is just because the semen is secreted from the two sexes, the
secretion taking place in them and from them, that they are first principles of
generation. For by a male animal we mean that which generates in another,
and by a female that which generates in itself; wherefore men apply these
terms to the macrocosm also, naming Earth mother as being female, but
addressing Heaven and the Sun and other like entities as fathers, as causing
generation.
Male and female differ in their essence by each having a separate ability or
faculty, and anatomically by certain parts; essentially the male is that which is
able to generate in another, as said above; the female is that which is able to
generate in itself and out of which comes into being the offspring previously
existing in the parent. And since they are differentiated by an ability or faculty
and by their function, and since instruments or organs are needed for all
functioning, and since the bodily parts are the instruments or organs to serve
the faculties, it follows that certain parts must exist for union of parents and
production of offspring. And these must differ from each other, so that
consequently the male will differ from the female. (For even though we speak
of the animal as a whole as male or female, yet really it is not male or female
in virtue of the whole of itself, but only in virtue of a certain faculty and a
certain part—just as with the part used for sight or locomotion—which part is
also plain to sense-perception.)
Now as a matter of fact such parts are in the female the so-called uterus, in
the male the testes and the penis, in all the sanguinea; for some of them have
testes and others the corresponding passages. There are corresponding
differences of male and female in all the bloodless animals also which have
this division into opposite sexes. But if in the sanguinea it is the parts
concerned in copulation that differ primarily in their forms, we must observe
that a small change in a first principle is often attended by changes in other
things depending on it. This is plain in the case of castrated animals, for,
though only the generative part is disabled, yet pretty well the whole form of
the animal changes in consequence so much that it seems to be female or not
far short of it, and thus it is clear than an animal is not male or female in
virtue of an isolated part or an isolated faculty. Clearly, then, the distinction of
sex is a first principle; at any rate, when that which distinguishes male and
female suffers change, many other changes accompany it, as would be the
case if a first principle is changed.
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Buch The Complete Aristotle"
The Complete Aristotle
- Titel
- The Complete Aristotle
- Autor
- Aristotle
- Datum
- ~322 B.C.
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- PD
- Abmessungen
- 21.0 x 29.7 cm
- Seiten
- 2328
- Schlagwörter
- Philosophy, Antique, Philosophie, Antike, Dialogues, Metaphysik, Metaphysics, Ideologie, Ideology, Englisch
- Kategorien
- Geisteswissenschaften
- International
Inhaltsverzeichnis
- Part 1; Logic (Organon) 3
- Categories 4
- On Interpretation 34
- Prior Analytics, Book I 56
- Prior Analytics, Book II 113
- Posterior Analytics, Book I 149
- Posterior Analytics, Book II 193
- Topics, Book I 218
- Topics, Book II 221
- Topics, Book III 237
- Topics, Book IV 248
- Topics, Book V 266
- Topics, Book VI 291
- Topics, Book VII 317
- Topics, Book VIII 326
- On Sophistical Refutations 348
- Part 2; Universal Physics 396
- Physics, Book I 397
- Physics, Book II 415
- Physics, Book III 432
- Physics, Book IV 449
- Physics, Book V 481
- Physics, Book VI 496
- Physics, Book VII 519
- Physics, Book VIII 533
- On the Heavens, Book I 570
- On the Heavens, Book II 599
- On the Heavens, Book III 624
- On the Heavens, Book IV 640
- On Generation and Corruption, Book I 651
- On Generation and Corruption, Book II 685
- Meteorology, Book I 707
- Meteorology, Book II 733
- Meteorology, Book III 760
- Meteorology, Book IV 773
- Part 3; Human Physics 795
- On the Soul, Book I 796
- On the Soul, Book II 815
- On the Soul, Book III 840
- On Sense and the Sensible 861
- On Memory and Reminiscence 889
- On Sleep and Sleeplessness 899
- On Dreams 909
- On Prophesying by Dreams 918
- On Longevity and the Shortness of Life 923
- On Youth, Old Age, Life and Death, and Respiration 929
- Part 4; Animal Physics 952
- The History of Animals, Book I 953
- The History of Animals, Book II translated 977
- The History of Animals, Book III 1000
- The History of Animals, Book IV 1029
- The History of Animals, Book V 1056
- The History of Animals, Book VI 1094
- The History of Animals, Book VII 1135
- The History of Animals, Book VIII 1150
- The History of Animals, Book IX 1186
- On the Parts of Animals, Book I 1234
- On the Parts of Animals, Book II 1249
- On the Parts of Animals, Book III 1281
- On the Parts of Animals, Book IV 1311
- On the Motion of Animals 1351
- On the Gait of Animals 1363
- On the Generation of Animals, Book I 1381
- On the Generation of Animals, Book II 1412
- On the Generation of Animals, Book III 1444
- On the Generation of Animals, Book IV 1469
- On the Generation of Animals, Book V 1496
- Part 5; Metaphysics 1516
- Part 6; Ethics and Politics 1748
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book I 1749
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book II 1766
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book III 1779
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book IV 1799
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book V 1817
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VI 1836
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VII 1851
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VIII 1872
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book IX 1890
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book X 1907
- Politics, Book I 1925
- Politics, Book II 1943
- Politics, Book III 1970
- Politics, Book IV 1997
- Politics, Book V 2023
- Politics, Book VI 2053
- Politics, Book VII 2065
- Politics, Book VIII 2091
- The Athenian Constitution 2102
- Part 7; Aesthetic Writings 2156