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a definite numerical relation to 1, and that which is ‘many times as great’ is in
a numerical, but not a definite, relation to 1, i.e. not in this or in that
numerical relation to it; the relation of that which is half as big again as
something else to that something is a definite numerical relation to a number;
that which is n+I/n times something else is in an indefinite relation to that
something, as that which is ‘many times as great’ is in an indefinite relation to
1; the relation of that which exceeds to that which is exceeded is numerically
quite indefinite; for number is always commensurate, and ‘number’ is not
predicated of that which is not commensurate, but that which exceeds is, in
relation to that which is exceeded, so much and something more; and this
something is indefinite; for it can, indifferently, be either equal or not equal to
that which is exceeded.-All these relations, then, are numerically expressed
and are determinations of number, and so in another way are the equal and the
like and the same. For all refer to unity. Those things are the same whose
substance is one; those are like whose quality is one; those are equal whose
quantity is one; and 1 is the beginning and measure of number, so that all
these relations imply number, though not in the same way.
(2) Things that are active or passive imply an active or a passive potency
and the actualizations of the potencies; e.g. that which is capable of heating is
related to that which is capable of being heated, because it can heat it, and,
again, that which heats is related to that which is heated and that which cuts to
that which is cut, in the sense that they actually do these things. But numerical
relations are not actualized except in the sense which has been elsewhere
stated; actualizations in the sense of movement they have not. Of relations
which imply potency some further imply particular periods of time, e.g. that
which has made is relative to that which has been made, and that which will
make to that which will be made. For it is in this way that a father is called the
father of his son; for the one has acted and the other has been acted on in a
certain way. Further, some relative terms imply privation of potency, i.e.
‘incapable’ and terms of this sort, e.g. ‘invisible’.
Relative terms which imply number or potency, therefore, are all relative
because their very essence includes in its nature a reference to something else,
not because something else involves a reference to it; but (3) that which is
measurable or knowable or thinkable is called relative because something else
involves a reference to it. For ‘that which is thinkable’ implies that the
thought of it is possible, but the thought is not relative to ‘that of which it is
the thought’; for we should then have said the same thing twice. Similarly
sight is the sight of something, not ‘of that of which it is the sight’ (though of
course it is true to say this); in fact it is relative to colour or to something else
of the sort. But according to the other way of speaking the same thing would
be said twice,-’the sight is of that of which it is.’
1594
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Buch The Complete Aristotle"
The Complete Aristotle
- Titel
- The Complete Aristotle
- Autor
- Aristotle
- Datum
- ~322 B.C.
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- PD
- Abmessungen
- 21.0 x 29.7 cm
- Seiten
- 2328
- Schlagwörter
- Philosophy, Antique, Philosophie, Antike, Dialogues, Metaphysik, Metaphysics, Ideologie, Ideology, Englisch
- Kategorien
- Geisteswissenschaften
- International
Inhaltsverzeichnis
- Part 1; Logic (Organon) 3
- Categories 4
- On Interpretation 34
- Prior Analytics, Book I 56
- Prior Analytics, Book II 113
- Posterior Analytics, Book I 149
- Posterior Analytics, Book II 193
- Topics, Book I 218
- Topics, Book II 221
- Topics, Book III 237
- Topics, Book IV 248
- Topics, Book V 266
- Topics, Book VI 291
- Topics, Book VII 317
- Topics, Book VIII 326
- On Sophistical Refutations 348
- Part 2; Universal Physics 396
- Physics, Book I 397
- Physics, Book II 415
- Physics, Book III 432
- Physics, Book IV 449
- Physics, Book V 481
- Physics, Book VI 496
- Physics, Book VII 519
- Physics, Book VIII 533
- On the Heavens, Book I 570
- On the Heavens, Book II 599
- On the Heavens, Book III 624
- On the Heavens, Book IV 640
- On Generation and Corruption, Book I 651
- On Generation and Corruption, Book II 685
- Meteorology, Book I 707
- Meteorology, Book II 733
- Meteorology, Book III 760
- Meteorology, Book IV 773
- Part 3; Human Physics 795
- On the Soul, Book I 796
- On the Soul, Book II 815
- On the Soul, Book III 840
- On Sense and the Sensible 861
- On Memory and Reminiscence 889
- On Sleep and Sleeplessness 899
- On Dreams 909
- On Prophesying by Dreams 918
- On Longevity and the Shortness of Life 923
- On Youth, Old Age, Life and Death, and Respiration 929
- Part 4; Animal Physics 952
- The History of Animals, Book I 953
- The History of Animals, Book II translated 977
- The History of Animals, Book III 1000
- The History of Animals, Book IV 1029
- The History of Animals, Book V 1056
- The History of Animals, Book VI 1094
- The History of Animals, Book VII 1135
- The History of Animals, Book VIII 1150
- The History of Animals, Book IX 1186
- On the Parts of Animals, Book I 1234
- On the Parts of Animals, Book II 1249
- On the Parts of Animals, Book III 1281
- On the Parts of Animals, Book IV 1311
- On the Motion of Animals 1351
- On the Gait of Animals 1363
- On the Generation of Animals, Book I 1381
- On the Generation of Animals, Book II 1412
- On the Generation of Animals, Book III 1444
- On the Generation of Animals, Book IV 1469
- On the Generation of Animals, Book V 1496
- Part 5; Metaphysics 1516
- Part 6; Ethics and Politics 1748
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book I 1749
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book II 1766
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book III 1779
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book IV 1799
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book V 1817
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VI 1836
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VII 1851
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VIII 1872
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book IX 1890
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book X 1907
- Politics, Book I 1925
- Politics, Book II 1943
- Politics, Book III 1970
- Politics, Book IV 1997
- Politics, Book V 2023
- Politics, Book VI 2053
- Politics, Book VII 2065
- Politics, Book VIII 2091
- The Athenian Constitution 2102
- Part 7; Aesthetic Writings 2156