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and more whole, because it can become animate. How, on the other hand,
could a line or a plane be animate? The supposition passes the power of our
senses.
Again, the solid is a sort of substance; for it already has in a sense
completeness. But how can lines be substances? Neither as a form or shape,
as the soul perhaps is, nor as matter, like the solid; for we have no experience
of anything that can be put together out of lines or planes or points, while if
these had been a sort of material substance, we should have observed things
which could be put together out of them.
Grant, then, that they are prior in definition. Still not all things that are prior
in definition are also prior in substantiality. For those things are prior in
substantiality which when separated from other things surpass them in the
power of independent existence, but things are prior in definition to those
whose definitions are compounded out of their definitions; and these two
properties are not coextensive. For if attributes do not exist apart from the
substances (e.g. a ‘mobile’ or a pale’), pale is prior to the pale man in
definition, but not in substantiality. For it cannot exist separately, but is
always along with the concrete thing; and by the concrete thing I mean the
pale man. Therefore it is plain that neither is the result of abstraction prior nor
that which is produced by adding determinants posterior; for it is by adding a
determinant to pale that we speak of the pale man.
It has, then, been sufficiently pointed out that the objects of mathematics
are not substances in a higher degree than bodies are, and that they are not
prior to sensibles in being, but only in definition, and that they cannot exist
somewhere apart. But since it was not possible for them to exist in sensibles
either, it is plain that they either do not exist at all or exist in a special sense
and therefore do not ‘exist’ without qualification. For ‘exist’ has many senses.
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3
For just as the universal propositions of mathematics deal not with objects
which exist separately, apart from extended magnitudes and from numbers,
but with magnitudes and numbers, not however qua such as to have
magnitude or to be divisible, clearly it is possible that there should also be
both propositions and demonstrations about sensible magnitudes, not however
qua sensible but qua possessed of certain definite qualities. For as there are
many propositions about things merely considered as in motion, apart from
1716
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Buch The Complete Aristotle"
The Complete Aristotle
- Titel
- The Complete Aristotle
- Autor
- Aristotle
- Datum
- ~322 B.C.
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- PD
- Abmessungen
- 21.0 x 29.7 cm
- Seiten
- 2328
- Schlagwörter
- Philosophy, Antique, Philosophie, Antike, Dialogues, Metaphysik, Metaphysics, Ideologie, Ideology, Englisch
- Kategorien
- Geisteswissenschaften
- International
Inhaltsverzeichnis
- Part 1; Logic (Organon) 3
- Categories 4
- On Interpretation 34
- Prior Analytics, Book I 56
- Prior Analytics, Book II 113
- Posterior Analytics, Book I 149
- Posterior Analytics, Book II 193
- Topics, Book I 218
- Topics, Book II 221
- Topics, Book III 237
- Topics, Book IV 248
- Topics, Book V 266
- Topics, Book VI 291
- Topics, Book VII 317
- Topics, Book VIII 326
- On Sophistical Refutations 348
- Part 2; Universal Physics 396
- Physics, Book I 397
- Physics, Book II 415
- Physics, Book III 432
- Physics, Book IV 449
- Physics, Book V 481
- Physics, Book VI 496
- Physics, Book VII 519
- Physics, Book VIII 533
- On the Heavens, Book I 570
- On the Heavens, Book II 599
- On the Heavens, Book III 624
- On the Heavens, Book IV 640
- On Generation and Corruption, Book I 651
- On Generation and Corruption, Book II 685
- Meteorology, Book I 707
- Meteorology, Book II 733
- Meteorology, Book III 760
- Meteorology, Book IV 773
- Part 3; Human Physics 795
- On the Soul, Book I 796
- On the Soul, Book II 815
- On the Soul, Book III 840
- On Sense and the Sensible 861
- On Memory and Reminiscence 889
- On Sleep and Sleeplessness 899
- On Dreams 909
- On Prophesying by Dreams 918
- On Longevity and the Shortness of Life 923
- On Youth, Old Age, Life and Death, and Respiration 929
- Part 4; Animal Physics 952
- The History of Animals, Book I 953
- The History of Animals, Book II translated 977
- The History of Animals, Book III 1000
- The History of Animals, Book IV 1029
- The History of Animals, Book V 1056
- The History of Animals, Book VI 1094
- The History of Animals, Book VII 1135
- The History of Animals, Book VIII 1150
- The History of Animals, Book IX 1186
- On the Parts of Animals, Book I 1234
- On the Parts of Animals, Book II 1249
- On the Parts of Animals, Book III 1281
- On the Parts of Animals, Book IV 1311
- On the Motion of Animals 1351
- On the Gait of Animals 1363
- On the Generation of Animals, Book I 1381
- On the Generation of Animals, Book II 1412
- On the Generation of Animals, Book III 1444
- On the Generation of Animals, Book IV 1469
- On the Generation of Animals, Book V 1496
- Part 5; Metaphysics 1516
- Part 6; Ethics and Politics 1748
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book I 1749
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book II 1766
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book III 1779
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book IV 1799
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book V 1817
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VI 1836
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VII 1851
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VIII 1872
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book IX 1890
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book X 1907
- Politics, Book I 1925
- Politics, Book II 1943
- Politics, Book III 1970
- Politics, Book IV 1997
- Politics, Book V 2023
- Politics, Book VI 2053
- Politics, Book VII 2065
- Politics, Book VIII 2091
- The Athenian Constitution 2102
- Part 7; Aesthetic Writings 2156