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sake of utility; for the good are also useful to each other. Among men of these
inferior sorts too, friendships are most permanent when the friends get the
same thing from each other (e.g. pleasure), and not only that but also from the
same source, as happens between readywitted people, not as happens between
lover and beloved. For these do not take pleasure in the same things, but the
one in seeing the beloved and the other in receiving attentions from his lover;
and when the bloom of youth is passing the friendship sometimes passes too
(for the one finds no pleasure in the sight of the other, and the other gets no
attentions from the first); but many lovers on the other hand are constant, if
familiarity has led them to love each other’s characters, these being alike. But
those who exchange not pleasure but utility in their amour are both less truly
friends and less constant. Those who are friends for the sake of utility part
when the advantage is at an end; for they were lovers not of each other but of
profit.
For the sake of pleasure or utility, then, even bad men may be friends of
each other, or good men of bad, or one who is neither good nor bad may be a
friend to any sort of person, but for their own sake clearly only good men can
be friends; for bad men do not delight in each other unless some advantage
come of the relation.
The friendship of the good too and this alone is proof against slander; for it
is not easy to trust any one talk about a man who has long been tested by
oneself; and it is among good men that trust and the feeling that ‘he would
never wrong me’ and all the other things that are demanded in true friendship
are found. In the other kinds of friendship, however, there is nothing to
prevent these evils arising. For men apply the name of friends even to those
whose motive is utility, in which sense states are said to be friendly (for the
alliances of states seem to aim at advantage), and to those who love each
other for the sake of pleasure, in which sense children are called friends.
Therefore we too ought perhaps to call such people friends, and say that there
are several kinds of friendship-firstly and in the proper sense that of good men
qua good, and by analogy the other kinds; for it is in virtue of something good
and something akin to what is found in true friendship that they are friends,
since even the pleasant is good for the lovers of pleasure. But these two kinds
of friendship are not often united, nor do the same people become friends for
the sake of utility and of pleasure; for things that are only incidentally
connected are not often coupled together.
Friendship being divided into these kinds, bad men will be friends for the
sake of pleasure or of utility, being in this respect like each other, but good
men will be friends for their own sake, i.e. in virtue of their goodness. These,
then, are friends without qualification; the others are friends incidentally and
1876
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Buch The Complete Aristotle"
The Complete Aristotle
- Titel
- The Complete Aristotle
- Autor
- Aristotle
- Datum
- ~322 B.C.
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- PD
- Abmessungen
- 21.0 x 29.7 cm
- Seiten
- 2328
- Schlagwörter
- Philosophy, Antique, Philosophie, Antike, Dialogues, Metaphysik, Metaphysics, Ideologie, Ideology, Englisch
- Kategorien
- Geisteswissenschaften
- International
Inhaltsverzeichnis
- Part 1; Logic (Organon) 3
- Categories 4
- On Interpretation 34
- Prior Analytics, Book I 56
- Prior Analytics, Book II 113
- Posterior Analytics, Book I 149
- Posterior Analytics, Book II 193
- Topics, Book I 218
- Topics, Book II 221
- Topics, Book III 237
- Topics, Book IV 248
- Topics, Book V 266
- Topics, Book VI 291
- Topics, Book VII 317
- Topics, Book VIII 326
- On Sophistical Refutations 348
- Part 2; Universal Physics 396
- Physics, Book I 397
- Physics, Book II 415
- Physics, Book III 432
- Physics, Book IV 449
- Physics, Book V 481
- Physics, Book VI 496
- Physics, Book VII 519
- Physics, Book VIII 533
- On the Heavens, Book I 570
- On the Heavens, Book II 599
- On the Heavens, Book III 624
- On the Heavens, Book IV 640
- On Generation and Corruption, Book I 651
- On Generation and Corruption, Book II 685
- Meteorology, Book I 707
- Meteorology, Book II 733
- Meteorology, Book III 760
- Meteorology, Book IV 773
- Part 3; Human Physics 795
- On the Soul, Book I 796
- On the Soul, Book II 815
- On the Soul, Book III 840
- On Sense and the Sensible 861
- On Memory and Reminiscence 889
- On Sleep and Sleeplessness 899
- On Dreams 909
- On Prophesying by Dreams 918
- On Longevity and the Shortness of Life 923
- On Youth, Old Age, Life and Death, and Respiration 929
- Part 4; Animal Physics 952
- The History of Animals, Book I 953
- The History of Animals, Book II translated 977
- The History of Animals, Book III 1000
- The History of Animals, Book IV 1029
- The History of Animals, Book V 1056
- The History of Animals, Book VI 1094
- The History of Animals, Book VII 1135
- The History of Animals, Book VIII 1150
- The History of Animals, Book IX 1186
- On the Parts of Animals, Book I 1234
- On the Parts of Animals, Book II 1249
- On the Parts of Animals, Book III 1281
- On the Parts of Animals, Book IV 1311
- On the Motion of Animals 1351
- On the Gait of Animals 1363
- On the Generation of Animals, Book I 1381
- On the Generation of Animals, Book II 1412
- On the Generation of Animals, Book III 1444
- On the Generation of Animals, Book IV 1469
- On the Generation of Animals, Book V 1496
- Part 5; Metaphysics 1516
- Part 6; Ethics and Politics 1748
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book I 1749
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book II 1766
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book III 1779
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book IV 1799
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book V 1817
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VI 1836
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VII 1851
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VIII 1872
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book IX 1890
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book X 1907
- Politics, Book I 1925
- Politics, Book II 1943
- Politics, Book III 1970
- Politics, Book IV 1997
- Politics, Book V 2023
- Politics, Book VI 2053
- Politics, Book VII 2065
- Politics, Book VIII 2091
- The Athenian Constitution 2102
- Part 7; Aesthetic Writings 2156