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Such was, in outline, the first constitution, but not very long after the
events above recorded, in the archonship of Aristaichmus, Draco enacted his
ordinances. Now his constitution had the following form. The franchise was
given to all who could furnish themselves with a military equipment. The nine
Archons and the Treasurers were elected by this body from persons
possessing an unencumbered property of not less than ten minas, the less
important officials from those who could furnish themselves with a military
equipment, and the generals [Strategi] and commanders of the cavalry
[Hipparchi] from those who could show an unencumbered property of not less
than a hundred minas, and had children born in lawful wedlock over ten years
of age. These officers were required to hold to bail the Prytanes, the Strategi,
and the Hipparchi of the preceding year until their accounts had been audited,
taking four securities of the same class as that to which the Strategi and the
Hipparchi belonged. There was also to be a Council, consisting of four
hundred and one members, elected by lot from among those who possessed
the franchise. Both for this and for the other magistracies the lot was cast
among those who were over thirty years of age; and no one might hold office
twice until every one else had had his turn, after which they were to cast the
lot afresh. If any member of the Council failed to attend when there was a
sitting of the Council or of the Assembly, he paid a fine, to the amount of
three drachmas if he was a Pentacosiomedimnus, two if he was a Knight, and
One if he was a Zeugites. The Council of Areopagus was guardian of the
laws, and kept watch over the magistrates to see that they executed their
offices in accordance with the laws. Any person who felt himself wronged
might lay an information before the Council of Areopagus, on declaring what
law was broken by the wrong done to him. But, as has been said before, loans
were secured upon the persons of the debtors, and the land was in the hands
of a few.
5
Since such, then, was the organization of the constitution, and the many
were in slavery to the few, the people rose against the upper class. The strife
was keen, and for a long time the two parties were ranged in hostile camps
against one another, till at last, by common consent, they appointed Solon to
be mediator and Archon, and committed the whole constitution to his hands.
The immediate occasion of his appointment was his poem, which begins with
the words:
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Buch The Complete Aristotle"
The Complete Aristotle
- Titel
- The Complete Aristotle
- Autor
- Aristotle
- Datum
- ~322 B.C.
- Sprache
- englisch
- Lizenz
- PD
- Abmessungen
- 21.0 x 29.7 cm
- Seiten
- 2328
- Schlagwörter
- Philosophy, Antique, Philosophie, Antike, Dialogues, Metaphysik, Metaphysics, Ideologie, Ideology, Englisch
- Kategorien
- Geisteswissenschaften
- International
Inhaltsverzeichnis
- Part 1; Logic (Organon) 3
- Categories 4
- On Interpretation 34
- Prior Analytics, Book I 56
- Prior Analytics, Book II 113
- Posterior Analytics, Book I 149
- Posterior Analytics, Book II 193
- Topics, Book I 218
- Topics, Book II 221
- Topics, Book III 237
- Topics, Book IV 248
- Topics, Book V 266
- Topics, Book VI 291
- Topics, Book VII 317
- Topics, Book VIII 326
- On Sophistical Refutations 348
- Part 2; Universal Physics 396
- Physics, Book I 397
- Physics, Book II 415
- Physics, Book III 432
- Physics, Book IV 449
- Physics, Book V 481
- Physics, Book VI 496
- Physics, Book VII 519
- Physics, Book VIII 533
- On the Heavens, Book I 570
- On the Heavens, Book II 599
- On the Heavens, Book III 624
- On the Heavens, Book IV 640
- On Generation and Corruption, Book I 651
- On Generation and Corruption, Book II 685
- Meteorology, Book I 707
- Meteorology, Book II 733
- Meteorology, Book III 760
- Meteorology, Book IV 773
- Part 3; Human Physics 795
- On the Soul, Book I 796
- On the Soul, Book II 815
- On the Soul, Book III 840
- On Sense and the Sensible 861
- On Memory and Reminiscence 889
- On Sleep and Sleeplessness 899
- On Dreams 909
- On Prophesying by Dreams 918
- On Longevity and the Shortness of Life 923
- On Youth, Old Age, Life and Death, and Respiration 929
- Part 4; Animal Physics 952
- The History of Animals, Book I 953
- The History of Animals, Book II translated 977
- The History of Animals, Book III 1000
- The History of Animals, Book IV 1029
- The History of Animals, Book V 1056
- The History of Animals, Book VI 1094
- The History of Animals, Book VII 1135
- The History of Animals, Book VIII 1150
- The History of Animals, Book IX 1186
- On the Parts of Animals, Book I 1234
- On the Parts of Animals, Book II 1249
- On the Parts of Animals, Book III 1281
- On the Parts of Animals, Book IV 1311
- On the Motion of Animals 1351
- On the Gait of Animals 1363
- On the Generation of Animals, Book I 1381
- On the Generation of Animals, Book II 1412
- On the Generation of Animals, Book III 1444
- On the Generation of Animals, Book IV 1469
- On the Generation of Animals, Book V 1496
- Part 5; Metaphysics 1516
- Part 6; Ethics and Politics 1748
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book I 1749
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book II 1766
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book III 1779
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book IV 1799
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book V 1817
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VI 1836
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VII 1851
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VIII 1872
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book IX 1890
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book X 1907
- Politics, Book I 1925
- Politics, Book II 1943
- Politics, Book III 1970
- Politics, Book IV 1997
- Politics, Book V 2023
- Politics, Book VI 2053
- Politics, Book VII 2065
- Politics, Book VIII 2091
- The Athenian Constitution 2102
- Part 7; Aesthetic Writings 2156