Page - 244 - in Cyborg Mind - What Brain–Computer and Mind–Cyberspace Interfaces Mean for Cyberneuroethics

glossAry I Big data: a broad term for datasets and information that are so large or com- plex that they cannot be processed by standard applications. Bionic: refers to the replacement or enhancement of organs or other body parts by mechanical applications. Bionic implants differ from prostheses by mimicking the original function very closely, or even surpassing it. The term may have been coined from the ancient Greek ‘bion’, meaning ‘unit of life’ and the suffix ‘ic’, meaning ‘like’ or ‘in the manner of’. Alternatively, it may have come from the terms ‘biology’ and ‘electronics’. Brain–computer interfaces: a direct interface between a brain and a com- puter system. Closed-loop system: a system that has the following major components: (1) the participant; (2) signal acquisition; (3) signal analysis; and (4) signal feedback. Cloud computing: the storage and processing of data in third-party data centres. Cognitivism: asserts that computational states are necessary for minds. Computed tomography (CT): a procedure that uses X-rays to visualise brain anatomy in sections. This open access edition has been made available under a CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license thanks to the support of Knowledge Unlatched. Not for resale.