Page - 7 - in Europe's online encyclopaedias - Equal access to knowledge of general interest?

Table of contents

1. 1. Introduction:Knowledge–a cornerstone of democracy 4
2. 1.1. Cognitive resilience in an era of 'junk news' and disinformation 4
3. 1.1.1. Increasing need for reliable resources amid growing mistrust 4
4. 1.1.2. The role of social media as vehicles for spreading false information 6
5. 1.1.3. The need for accessible, reliable information in citizens' mother tongue 6
6. 1.1.4. Mother-tongue languages spoken in Europe 7
7. 1.1.5. The impact of online presence on the survival of European languages 7
8. 1.2. The power of knowledge intermediators 8
9. 1.2.1. Google: a reliable tool for citizen fact-checkers? 9
10. 1.2.2. Despite changed algorithms, Google's selection methods still raise questions 9
11. 1.2.3. A conspiracy theory case study: The Protocols of the Elders of Zion 10
12. 2. The roots and roles of European encyclopaedias 10
13. 2.1.1. Encyclopaedias as a cultural commodity 11
14. 2.1.2. Online encyclopaedias in an era of hybrid warfare: a 'territory of truth'? 12
15. 3. Wikipedia 12
16. 3.1. The free encyclopaedia that anyone can edit 12
17. 3.1.1. Ownership 14
18. 3.1.2. Fundamental principles 14
19. 3.1.3. Wikipedia's reliability 14
20. 3.1.4. Vandalism onWikipedia 15
21. 3.1.5. Wikipedia's current crisis– is the concept of knowledge endangered? 15
22. 3.2. Wikipedia as an information battlefield 15
23. 3.2.1. The crisis in Ukraine and MH17 15
24. 3.2.2. Turkey's Wikipedia ban 16
25. 3.2.3. China to rival Wikipedia with a 'Great Wall of culture' 16
26. 3.2.4. Russia's alternative to Wikipedia to portray Russia 'objectively and accurately' 16
27. 4.The 'alternative' right-wing extremist encyclopaedia 17
28. 5. European online encyclopaedias 17
29. 6. European encyclopaedias: an untapped potential? 19
30. 7. Annex: EU Member States' online encyclopaedias 21
31. 7.1. Belgium 21
32. 7.2. Bulgaria 21
33. 7.3. Czech Republic 21
34. 7.4. Denmark 22
35. 7.5. Germany 22
36. 7.6. Estonia 22
37. 7.7. Ireland 23
38. 7.8. Greece 23
39. 7.9. Spain 24
40. 7.10. France 24
41. 7.11. Croatia 25
42. 7.12. Italy 25
43. 7.13. Cyprus 26
44. 7.14. Latvia 26
45. 7.15. Lithuania 27
46. 7.16. Luxembourg 27
47. 7.17. Hungary 27
48. 7.18. Malta 28
49. 7.19. The Netherlands 28
50. 7.20. Austria 28
51. 7.21. Poland 29
52. 7.22. Portugal 29
53. 7.23. Romania 29
54. 7.24. Slovenia 30
55. 7.25. Slovakia 30
56. 7.26. Finland 30
57. 7.27. Sweden 30
58. 7.28. United Kingdom 31
59. 8. Online encyclopaedias in other languages spoken in Europe 31
60. 8.1. Albania 31
61. 8.2. Belarus 31
62. 8.3. Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 32
63. 8.4. Norway 32
64. 8.5. Russia 33
65. 8.6. Serbia/Montenegro/Bosnia 34
66. 8.7. Switzerland 34
67. 8.8. Turkey 34
68. 8.9. Ukraine 35