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12 IntegratedDisasterRiskManagementandAdaptation 307
Fig.12.7 Steps taken inDynamicAdaptivePathwaysPlanning (DAPP)
Within theDAPPapproach, a plan is conceptualised as a series of actions over
time (pathways). The essence is the proactive planning forflexible adaptationover
time, inresponsetohowthefutureactuallyunfolds.TheDAPPapproachstartsfrom
thepremise thatpolicies/decisionshaveadesign lifeandmight fail as theoperating
conditions change (Kwadijk et al. 2010). A risk assessment can illuminate such
adaptation tippingpoint conditions, as such theycanbeused to identifyup towhat
changing conditions (e.g. sea level rise) ameasure can reach apreferred risk level.
Once actions fail, additional or other actions are needed to achieve objectives, and
a seriesofpathwaysemerge; at predetermined triggerpoints thecoursecanchange
while still achieving the objectives. By evaluating different pathways, considering
path-dependency of actions and visualising them in a pathwaysmap, an adaptive
plan can be designed, that includes short-term actions and long-term options (see
Fig. 12.8).Cost-benefit analysis (Sect. 12.3) canbeused toevaluatepathways.The
planismonitoredforsignals that indicatewhenthenextstepofapathwayshouldbe
implementedorwhether reassessmentof theplan isneeded. It isnotonly important
to identifywhat tomonitor but also how to analyse it. From a policy perspective
it seems evident to select signposts that are related to normor designvalues, since
these are the values upon which the policies are evaluated. However, alternative
indicators(i.e.averageriverflowinsummerhalfyear, insteadofthe1:10yearreturn
flow)—not necessarily policy related—can be used additionally to get timely and
reliable signals for adaptation action.Different levels of assessment arepossible to
design pathways, from qualitative expert-based pathways tomore comprehensive
quantitativemodel-basedpathways.
Loss and Damage from Climate Change
Concepts, Methods and Policy Options
- Title
- Loss and Damage from Climate Change
- Subtitle
- Concepts, Methods and Policy Options
- Authors
- Reinhard Mechler
- Laurens M. Bouwer
- Thomas Schinko
- Swenja Surminski
- JoAnne Linnerooth-Bayer
- Publisher
- Springer Open
- Date
- 2019
- Language
- English
- License
- CC BY 4.0
- ISBN
- 978-3-319-72026-5
- Size
- 16.0 x 24.0 cm
- Pages
- 580
- Keywords
- Environment, Climate change, Environmental law, Environmental policy, Risk management
- Categories
- International
- Naturwissenschaften Umwelt und Klima