Page - 170 - in The Origin of Species

170 ORIGIN OF SPECIES than that of quite useless or rudimentary organs being simi- larly transmitted. A mere tendency to produce a rudiment is indeed sometimes thus inherited. As all the species of the same genus are supposed to be descended from a common progenitor, it might be expected that they would occasionally vary in an analogous manner; so that the varieties of two or more species would resemble each other, or that a variety of one species would resemble in certain characters another and distinct species,—this other species being, according to our view, only a well-marked and permanent variety. But characters exclusively due to analo- gous variation would probably be of an unimportant nature, for the preservation of all functionally important characters will have been determined through natural selection, in ac- cordance with the different habits of the species. It might further be expected that the species of the same genus would occasionally exhibit reversions to long lost characters. As, however, we do not know the common ancestor of any natural group, we cannot distinguish between revisionary and analogous characters. If, for instance, we did not know that the parent rock-pigeon was not feather-footed or turn- crowned, we could not have told, whether such characters in our domestic breeds were reversions or only analogous varia- tions; but we might have inferred that the blue colour was a case of reversion from the number of the markings, which are correlated with this tint, and which would not probably have all appeared together from simple variation. More especially we might have inferred this, from the blue colour and the several marks so often appearing when differently coloured breeds are crossed. Hence, although under nature it must generally be left doubtful,what cases are reversions to formerly existing characters, and what are new but analo- gous variations, yet we ought, on our theory, sometimes to find the varying offspring of a species assuming characters which are already present in other members of the same group. And this undoubtedly is the case. The difficulty in distinguishing variable species is largely due to the varieties mocking, as it were, other species of the same genus. A considerable catalogue, also, could be given of forms intermediate between two other forms, which them-