Romania: People & Society#
| Population | 21,599,736 (July 2016 est.) |
|---|---|
| Nationality | noun: Romanian(s) adjective: Romanian |
| Ethnic groups | Romanian 83.4%, Hungarian 6.1%, Roma 3.1%, Ukrainian 0.3%, German 0.2%, other 0.7%, unspecified 6.1% (2011 est.) |
| Languages | Romanian (official) 85.4%, Hungarian 6.3%, Romany (Gypsy) 1.2%, other 1%, unspecified 6.1% (2011 est.) |
| Religions | Eastern Orthodox (including all sub-denominations) 81.9%, Protestant (various denominations including Reformed and Pentecostal) 6.4%, Roman Catholic 4.3%, other (includes Muslim) 0.9%, none or atheist 0.2%, unspecified 6.3% (2011 est.) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 14.4% (male 1,597,470/female 1,512,701) 15-24 years: 10.76% (male 1,192,310/female 1,131,655) 25-54 years: 45.97% (male 5,023,060/female 4,905,559) 55-64 years: 12.8% (male 1,293,423/female 1,471,480) 65 years and over: 16.07% (male 1,403,211/female 2,068,867) (2016 est.) |
| Dependency ratios | total dependency ratio: 48.9% youth dependency ratio: 23.1% elderly dependency ratio: 25.8% potential support ratio: 3.9% (2015 est.) |
| Median age | total: 40.7 years male: 39.3 years female: 42.1 years (2016 est.) |
| Population growth rate | -0.32% (2016 est.) |
| Birth rate | 9 births/1,000 population (2016 est.) |
| Death rate | 11.9 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.) |
| Net migration rate | -0.2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.) |
| Population distribution | urbanization is not particularly high, and a fairly even population distribution can be found throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations; Hungarians, the country's largest minority, have a particularly strong presence in eastern Transylvania |
| Urbanization | urban population: 54.6% of total population (2015) rate of urbanization: 0.01% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.) |
| Major urban areas - population | BUCHAREST (capital) 1.868 million (2015) |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.88 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2016 est.) |
| Mother's mean age at first birth | 22 (2013 est.) |
| Maternal mortality rate | 31 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.) |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 9.6 deaths/1,000 live births male: 11 deaths/1,000 live births female: 8.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.) |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 75.1 years male: 71.7 years female: 78.8 years (2016 est.) |
| Total fertility rate | 1.34 children born/woman (2016 est.) |
| Contraceptive prevalence rate | 69.8% note: percent of women aged 18-49 (2005) |
| Health expenditures | 5.6% of GDP (2014) |
| Physicians density | 2.45 physicians/1,000 population (2012) |
| Hospital bed density | 6.1 beds/1,000 population (2011) |
| Drinking water source | improved: urban: 100% of population rural: 100% of population total: 100% of population unimproved: urban: 0% of population rural: 0% of population total: 0% of population (2015 est.) |
| Sanitation facility access | improved: urban: 92.2% of population rural: 63.3% of population total: 79.1% of population unimproved: urban: 7.8% of population rural: 36.7% of population total: 20.9% of population (2015 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate | 0.11% (2013 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS | 16,200 (2013 est.) |
| HIV/AIDS - deaths | 500 (2013 est.) |
| Obesity - adult prevalence rate | 23.4% (2014) |
| Education expenditures | 2.9% of GDP (2012) |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 98.8% male: 99.1% female: 98.5% (2015 est.) |
| School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) | total: 15 years male: 14 years female: 15 years (2012) |
| Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 | total: 24% male: 23.6% female: 24.7% (2014 est.) |