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derived from the fact that it ‘runs always’ for an eternity of time. Anaxagoras,
however, scandalously misuses this name, taking aither as equivalent to fire.
It is also clear from what has been said why the number of what we call
simple bodies cannot be greater than it is. The motion of a simple body must
itself be simple, and we assert that there are only these two simple motions,
the circular and the straight, the latter being subdivided into motion away
from and motion towards the centre.
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4
That there is no other form of motion opposed as contrary to the circular
may be proved in various ways. In the first place, there is an obvious
tendency to oppose the straight line to the circular. For concave and convex
are a not only regarded as opposed to one another, but they are also coupled
together and treated as a unity in opposition to the straight. And so, if there is
a contrary to circular motion, motion in a straight line must be recognized as
having the best claim to that name. But the two forms of rectilinear motion
are opposed to one another by reason of their places; for up and down is a
difference and a contrary opposition in place. Secondly, it may be thought that
the same reasoning which holds good of the rectilinear path applies also the
circular, movement from A to B being opposed as contrary to movement from
B to A. But what is meant is still rectilinear motion. For that is limited to a
single path, while the circular paths which pass through the same two points
are infinite in number. Even if we are confined to the single semicircle and the
opposition is between movement from C to D and from D to C along that
semicircle, the case is no better. For the motion is the same as that along the
diameter, since we invariably regard the distance between two points as the
length of the straight line which joins them. It is no more satisfactory to
construct a circle and treat motion ‘along one semicircle as contrary to motion
along the other. For example, taking a complete circle, motion from E to F on
the semicircle G may be opposed to motion from F to E on the semicircle H.
But even supposing these are contraries, it in no way follows that the reverse
motions on the complete circumference contraries. Nor again can motion
along the circle from A to B be regarded as the contrary of motion from A to
C: for the motion goes from the same point towards the same point, and
contrary motion was distinguished as motion from a contrary to its contrary.
And even if the motion round a circle is the contrary of the reverse motion,
one of the two would be ineffective: for both move to the same point, because
575
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book The Complete Aristotle"
The Complete Aristotle
- Title
- The Complete Aristotle
- Author
- Aristotle
- Date
- ~322 B.C.
- Language
- English
- License
- PD
- Size
- 21.0 x 29.7 cm
- Pages
- 2328
- Keywords
- Philosophy, Antique, Philosophie, Antike, Dialogues, Metaphysik, Metaphysics, Ideologie, Ideology, Englisch
- Categories
- Geisteswissenschaften
- International
Table of contents
- Part 1; Logic (Organon) 3
- Categories 4
- On Interpretation 34
- Prior Analytics, Book I 56
- Prior Analytics, Book II 113
- Posterior Analytics, Book I 149
- Posterior Analytics, Book II 193
- Topics, Book I 218
- Topics, Book II 221
- Topics, Book III 237
- Topics, Book IV 248
- Topics, Book V 266
- Topics, Book VI 291
- Topics, Book VII 317
- Topics, Book VIII 326
- On Sophistical Refutations 348
- Part 2; Universal Physics 396
- Physics, Book I 397
- Physics, Book II 415
- Physics, Book III 432
- Physics, Book IV 449
- Physics, Book V 481
- Physics, Book VI 496
- Physics, Book VII 519
- Physics, Book VIII 533
- On the Heavens, Book I 570
- On the Heavens, Book II 599
- On the Heavens, Book III 624
- On the Heavens, Book IV 640
- On Generation and Corruption, Book I 651
- On Generation and Corruption, Book II 685
- Meteorology, Book I 707
- Meteorology, Book II 733
- Meteorology, Book III 760
- Meteorology, Book IV 773
- Part 3; Human Physics 795
- On the Soul, Book I 796
- On the Soul, Book II 815
- On the Soul, Book III 840
- On Sense and the Sensible 861
- On Memory and Reminiscence 889
- On Sleep and Sleeplessness 899
- On Dreams 909
- On Prophesying by Dreams 918
- On Longevity and the Shortness of Life 923
- On Youth, Old Age, Life and Death, and Respiration 929
- Part 4; Animal Physics 952
- The History of Animals, Book I 953
- The History of Animals, Book II translated 977
- The History of Animals, Book III 1000
- The History of Animals, Book IV 1029
- The History of Animals, Book V 1056
- The History of Animals, Book VI 1094
- The History of Animals, Book VII 1135
- The History of Animals, Book VIII 1150
- The History of Animals, Book IX 1186
- On the Parts of Animals, Book I 1234
- On the Parts of Animals, Book II 1249
- On the Parts of Animals, Book III 1281
- On the Parts of Animals, Book IV 1311
- On the Motion of Animals 1351
- On the Gait of Animals 1363
- On the Generation of Animals, Book I 1381
- On the Generation of Animals, Book II 1412
- On the Generation of Animals, Book III 1444
- On the Generation of Animals, Book IV 1469
- On the Generation of Animals, Book V 1496
- Part 5; Metaphysics 1516
- Part 6; Ethics and Politics 1748
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book I 1749
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book II 1766
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book III 1779
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book IV 1799
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book V 1817
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VI 1836
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VII 1851
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VIII 1872
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book IX 1890
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book X 1907
- Politics, Book I 1925
- Politics, Book II 1943
- Politics, Book III 1970
- Politics, Book IV 1997
- Politics, Book V 2023
- Politics, Book VI 2053
- Politics, Book VII 2065
- Politics, Book VIII 2091
- The Athenian Constitution 2102
- Part 7; Aesthetic Writings 2156