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day, as Heraclitus says, but a new sun every moment. Again, when the sun
causes the moisture to rise, this is like fire heating water. So, as the fire is not
fed by the water above it, it is absurd to suppose that the sun feeds on that
moisture, even if its heat made all the water in the world evaporate. Again, it
is absurd, considering the number and size of the stars, that these thinkers
should consider the sun only and overlook the question how the rest of the
heavenly bodies subsist. Again, they are met by the same difficulty as those
who say that at first the earth itself was moist and the world round the earth
was warmed by the sun, and so air was generated and the whole firmament
grew, and the air caused winds and solstices. The objection is that we always
plainly see the water that has been carried up coming down again. Even if the
same amount does not come back in a year or in a given country, yet in a
certain period all that has been carried up is returned. This implies that the
celestial bodies do not feed on it, and that we cannot distinguish between
some air which preserves its character once it is generated and some other
which is generated but becomes water again and so perishes; on the contrary,
all the moisture alike is dissolved and all of it condensed back into water.
The drinkable, sweet water, then, is light and is all of it drawn up: the salt
water is heavy and remains behind, but not in its natural place. For this is a
question which has been sufficiently discussed (I mean about the natural place
that water, like the other elements, must in reason have), and the answer is
this. The place which we see the sea filling is not its natural place but that of
water. It seems to belong to the sea because the weight of the salt water makes
it remain there, while the sweet, drinkable water which is light is carried up.
The same thing happens in animal bodies. Here, too, the food when it enters
the body is sweet, yet the residuum and dregs of liquid food are found to be
bitter and salt. This is because the sweet and drinkable part of it has been
drawn away by the natural animal heat and has passed into the flesh and the
other parts of the body according to their several natures. Now just as here it
would be wrong for any one to refuse to call the belly the place of liquid food
because that disappears from it soon, and to call it the place of the residuum
because this is seen to remain, so in the case of our present subject. This
place, we say, is the place of water. Hence all rivers and all the water that is
generated flow into it: for water flows into the deepest place, and the deepest
part of the earth is filled by the sea. Only all the light and sweet part of it is
quickly carried off by the sun, while herest remains for the reason we have
explained. It is quite natural that some people should have been puzzled by
the old question why such a mass of water leaves no trace anywhere (for the
sea does not increase though innumerable and vast rivers are flowing into it
every day.) But if one considers the matter the solution is easy. The same
amount of water does not take as long to dry up when it is spread out as when
736
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book The Complete Aristotle"
The Complete Aristotle
- Title
- The Complete Aristotle
- Author
- Aristotle
- Date
- ~322 B.C.
- Language
- English
- License
- PD
- Size
- 21.0 x 29.7 cm
- Pages
- 2328
- Keywords
- Philosophy, Antique, Philosophie, Antike, Dialogues, Metaphysik, Metaphysics, Ideologie, Ideology, Englisch
- Categories
- Geisteswissenschaften
- International
Table of contents
- Part 1; Logic (Organon) 3
- Categories 4
- On Interpretation 34
- Prior Analytics, Book I 56
- Prior Analytics, Book II 113
- Posterior Analytics, Book I 149
- Posterior Analytics, Book II 193
- Topics, Book I 218
- Topics, Book II 221
- Topics, Book III 237
- Topics, Book IV 248
- Topics, Book V 266
- Topics, Book VI 291
- Topics, Book VII 317
- Topics, Book VIII 326
- On Sophistical Refutations 348
- Part 2; Universal Physics 396
- Physics, Book I 397
- Physics, Book II 415
- Physics, Book III 432
- Physics, Book IV 449
- Physics, Book V 481
- Physics, Book VI 496
- Physics, Book VII 519
- Physics, Book VIII 533
- On the Heavens, Book I 570
- On the Heavens, Book II 599
- On the Heavens, Book III 624
- On the Heavens, Book IV 640
- On Generation and Corruption, Book I 651
- On Generation and Corruption, Book II 685
- Meteorology, Book I 707
- Meteorology, Book II 733
- Meteorology, Book III 760
- Meteorology, Book IV 773
- Part 3; Human Physics 795
- On the Soul, Book I 796
- On the Soul, Book II 815
- On the Soul, Book III 840
- On Sense and the Sensible 861
- On Memory and Reminiscence 889
- On Sleep and Sleeplessness 899
- On Dreams 909
- On Prophesying by Dreams 918
- On Longevity and the Shortness of Life 923
- On Youth, Old Age, Life and Death, and Respiration 929
- Part 4; Animal Physics 952
- The History of Animals, Book I 953
- The History of Animals, Book II translated 977
- The History of Animals, Book III 1000
- The History of Animals, Book IV 1029
- The History of Animals, Book V 1056
- The History of Animals, Book VI 1094
- The History of Animals, Book VII 1135
- The History of Animals, Book VIII 1150
- The History of Animals, Book IX 1186
- On the Parts of Animals, Book I 1234
- On the Parts of Animals, Book II 1249
- On the Parts of Animals, Book III 1281
- On the Parts of Animals, Book IV 1311
- On the Motion of Animals 1351
- On the Gait of Animals 1363
- On the Generation of Animals, Book I 1381
- On the Generation of Animals, Book II 1412
- On the Generation of Animals, Book III 1444
- On the Generation of Animals, Book IV 1469
- On the Generation of Animals, Book V 1496
- Part 5; Metaphysics 1516
- Part 6; Ethics and Politics 1748
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book I 1749
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book II 1766
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book III 1779
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book IV 1799
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book V 1817
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VI 1836
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VII 1851
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book VIII 1872
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book IX 1890
- Nicomachean Ethics, Book X 1907
- Politics, Book I 1925
- Politics, Book II 1943
- Politics, Book III 1970
- Politics, Book IV 1997
- Politics, Book V 2023
- Politics, Book VI 2053
- Politics, Book VII 2065
- Politics, Book VIII 2091
- The Athenian Constitution 2102
- Part 7; Aesthetic Writings 2156